Morbilidad materna extrema en gestantes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 en el Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia del Hospital Cayetano Heredia, periodo 2020-2021

Abstract

Objetivos: Describir los casos de Morbilidad Materna Extrema en gestantes que hayan tenido un diagnóstico confirmado de COVID-19 durante su hospitalización en el Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia del Hospital Cayetano Heredia, periodo marzo 2020 a marzo 2021. Materiales y métodos: El modelo de estudio fue descriptivo retrospectivo. Se revisó historias clínicas de gestantes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 en el periodo 2020 - 2021. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad materna, edad gestacional, tipo de prueba utilizada para el diagnóstico de COVID-19, parto, condiciones potencialmente peligrosas para Morbilidad Materna Extrema, presencia de Morbilidad Materna Extrema (MME), letalidad, días de hospitalización, ingreso a UCI, diagnóstico de ingreso a UCI, días de estancia en UCI, intervenciones realizadas. Resultados: Se analizaron 268 historias clínicas, lo cual significa el 5.7% del total de pacientes atendidas durante el periodo de estudio. La edad de las pacientes osciló entre 19 a 45 años. Se encontraron 20 pacientes con condiciones potencialmente peligrosas, de las cuales 5 desarrollaron MME. 4 de 5 pacientes con MME ingresaron a UCI y solo 1 necesitó soporte ventilatorio, inotrópico y colocación de catéter venoso central (CVC). Se encontró 4 casos de muerte materna. Conclusiones: El 1.87% de pacientes desarrollaron Morbilidad Materna Extrema debido a COVID-19 y la letalidad fue del 1.49%.

Objectives: To describe cases of Maternal Near Miss (MNM) in pregnant women who were diagnosed with covid-19 during their hospitalization in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at Cayetano Heredia Hospital, from March 2020 to March 2021. Materials and methods: The study design was a retrospective descriptive model. Medical records of pregnant woman diagnosed with covid-19 during 2020 to 2021 were reviewed. The variables studied included maternal age, gestational age, type of test used for COVID-19 diagnosis, delivery, potentially life-threatening conditions for maternal near miss, presence of Near Miss, lethality, length of stay at hospital, admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), ICU admission diagnosis, length of stay in the ICU and interventions performed. Results: A total of 268 medical records were analyzed, which accounted 5.7% of the pregnant patients attended during the study period. The age of patients ranged from 19 to 45 years. Twenty patients were found to have potentially life-threatening conditions, of whom 5 developed MNM. Four out of the five patients with MNM were admitted to the ICU and only one required ventilatory support, inotropic agents and central venous catheter placement. Four cases of maternal death were found. Conclusions: 1.87% of the patients developed Maternal Near Miss due to COVID-19 and the lethality was 1.49%.