Frecuencia de inflamación gingival alrededor de lesiones cariosas cervicales y subgingivales restauradas con diferentes materiales en el Centro Dental Docente Cayetano Heredia, Lima-Perú, 2025

Abstract

Introducción: El tratamiento de las lesiones cariosas cervicales y/o subgingivales están presentes en la vida cotidiana de un odontólogo general o especialista, generando en muchas ocasiones un problema al momento de ser restauradas ya que pueden ocasionar un compromiso de los tejidos periodontales adyacentes. Lo que podría provocar el desarrollo de enfermedades gingivales y/o periodontales. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de inflamación de los tejidos alrededor de lesiones cariosas a nivel cervical y subgingival según el material restaurador en pacientes adultos atendidos en el Centro Dental Docente Cayetano Heredia, Lima–Perú, 2025. Materiales y métodos: El estudio será transversal, descriptivo y analítico. La población estará constituida por pacientes adultos atendidos en el Centro Dental Docente Cayetano Heredia que presenten lesiones cariosas a nivel cervical y subgingival con algún tipo de material restaurador. Las variables serán: inflamación, material restaurador, sexo, edad y estado de restauraciones. Se usará la prueba de Chi-cuadrado al 95% IC. Conclusiones: Este estudio resalta la importancia de considerar restauraciones subgingivales y o cervicales en buen estado con el fin de evitar algún compromiso en la salud periodontal de los tejidos adyacentes.

Introduction: During orthodontic treatment, different materials are used, such as archwires, which are the devices responsible for emitting forces to achieve dental movements. These are kept in the patient's mouth for prolonged periods from the beginning to the end of treatment, being subjected, during these times, to a series of physical and chemical agents, which could contribute to the corrosion of the metallic components of the archwires, which is why it can be considered normal that biochemical reactions occur in the mouth, in which the appliances corrode. Several of the metals that can be released are associated with allergic, mutagenic, cytotoxic and carcinogenic reactions. Objective: To analyze the corrosion of steel (SS) and Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) alloys in orthodontic archwires subjected to artificial saliva in vitro. The sample will consist of 64 segments of steel and NiTi orthodontic arches of the commercial brands American Orthodontics® (AO) and Morelli®, which will be evaluated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry after having been subjected to 28 days in artificial saliva in an oven at 37 ° C. To determine the degree of corrosion, 60 wire segments of 2 centimeters in length each, caliber 0.019x0.025 ", will be used. Divided into 2 groups (30 wire segments) for each brand studied, within which 15 samples will be taken for each type of alloy. And as a control group, there will be a segment belonging to each subgroup (4 segments). Conclusions: The results will allow the clinician to have information for a better choice of arches with greater biocompatibility for the patient and with less alteration in the surface to optimize the biomechanics applied by the operator.