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High seropositivity rate of neutralizing antibodies to astrovirus va1 in human populations

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dc.contributor.author Janowski, A.B.
dc.contributor.author Owen, M.C.
dc.contributor.author Dudley, H.
dc.contributor.author López, T.
dc.contributor.author Espinosa, R.
dc.contributor.author Elvin-Lewis, M.
dc.contributor.author Colichon, A.
dc.contributor.author Arias, C.F.
dc.contributor.author Burbelo, P.D.
dc.contributor.author Wang, D.
dc.date.accessioned 2021-12-12T20:24:59Z
dc.date.available 2021-12-12T20:24:59Z
dc.date.issued 2021
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/10300
dc.description.abstract Astroviruses are common pathogens of the human gastrointestinal tract, but they have been recently identified from cases of fatal meningoencephalitis. Astrovirus VA1 is the most frequently detected astrovirus genotype from cases of human encephalitis, but the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies to VA1 in human sera is unknown. We developed a focus reduction neutralization assay (FRNT) for VA1 and measured the seroprevalence of neutralizing antibodies from two cohorts of adult and pediatric serum samples: (i) an age-stratified cohort from St. Louis, MO, collected from 2007 to 2008 and (ii) a cohort from the Peruvian Amazonian River Basin collected in the late 1990s. In the St. Louis cohort, the lowest seropositivity rate was in children 1 year of age (6.9%), rising to 63.3% by ages 9 to 12, and 76.3% of adults $20 years were positive. The Peruvian Amazon cohort showed similar seropositivity rates across all ages, with individuals under age 20 having a rate of 75%, while 78.2% of adults $20 years were seropositive. In addition, we also identified the presence neutralizing antibodies to VA1 from commercial lots of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Our results demonstrate that a majority of humans are exposed to VA1 by adulthood, with the majority of infections occurring between 2 and 9 years of age. In addition, our results indicate that VA1 has been circulating in two geographically and socioeconomically divergent study cohorts over the past 20 years. Nonetheless, a significant proportion of the human population lacks neutralizing immunity and remains at risk for acute infection en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher American Society for Microbiology
dc.relation.ispartofseries MSphere
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject Astrovirus en_US
dc.subject Epidemiology en_US
dc.subject Humoral immunity en_US
dc.subject Neutralizing antibodies en_US
dc.subject Plus-strand RNA virus en_US
dc.subject Serology en_US
dc.subject Virology en_US
dc.subject Virus-host interactions en_US
dc.title High seropositivity rate of neutralizing antibodies to astrovirus va1 in human populations en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00484-21
dc.relation.issn 2379-5042


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