Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

Change in El Niño flavours over 1958-2008: Implications for the long-term trend of the upwelling off Peru

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dc.contributor.author Dewitte, B.
dc.contributor.author Vazquez-Cuervo, J.
dc.contributor.author Goubanova, K.
dc.contributor.author Illig, S.
dc.contributor.author Takahashi, K.
dc.contributor.author Cambon, G.
dc.contributor.author Purca, S.
dc.contributor.author Correa, D.
dc.contributor.author Gutierrez Aguilar, Dimitri Alexey
dc.contributor.author Sifeddine, A.
dc.contributor.author Ortlieb, L.
dc.date.accessioned 2022-01-18T19:26:46Z
dc.date.available 2022-01-18T19:26:46Z
dc.date.issued 2012
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/10850
dc.description.abstract The tropical Pacific variability has experienced changes in its characteristics over the last decades. In particular, there is some evidence of an increased occurrence of El Niño events in the central Pacific (a.k.a. 'Central Pacific El Niño' (CP El Niño) or 'El Niño Modoki'), in contrast with the cold tongue or Eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño which develops in the eastern Pacific. Here we show that the different flavours of El Niño imply a contrasted Equatorial Kelvin Wave (EKW) characteristic and that their rectification on the mean upwelling condition off Peru through oceanic teleconnection is changed when the CP El Niño frequency of occurrence increases. The Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) reanalysis product is first used to document the seasonal evolution of the EKW during CP and EP El Niño. It is shown that the strong positive asymmetry of ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) is mostly reflected into the EKW activity of the EP El Niño whereas during CP El Niño, the EKW is negatively skewed in the eastern Pacific. Along with slightly cooler conditions off Peru (shallow thermocline) during CP El Niño, this is favourable for the accumulation of cooler SST anomalies along the coast by the remotely forced coastal Kelvin wave. Such a process is observed in a high-resolution regional model of the Humboldt Current system using the SODA outputs as boundary conditions. In particular the model simulates a cooling trend of the SST off Peru although the wind stress forcing has no trend. The model is further used to document the vertical structure along the coast during the two types of El Niño. It is suggested that the increased occurrence of the CP El Niño may also lead to a reduction of mesoscale activity off Peru. en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher Elsevier
dc.relation.ispartofseries Deep Sea Research. Part II, Topical Studies in Oceanography
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject Peru en_US
dc.subject Climate Change en_US
dc.subject El Nino-Southern Oscillation en_US
dc.subject Pacific Ocean (Tropical) en_US
dc.subject Upwelling en_US
dc.subject Atmospheric Pressure en_US
dc.subject Climate Change en_US
dc.subject Coastal Upwelling en_US
dc.subject Coastal Zones en_US
dc.subject Cooling Systems en_US
dc.subject Cooling Trends|El Niño Modoki en_US
dc.subject Equatorial Kelvin Wave en_US
dc.subject Gravity Waves en_US
dc.subject High Resolution en_US
dc.subject Humboldt Current en_US
dc.subject Kelvin Waves en_US
dc.subject Long-Term Trend en_US
dc.subject Mesoscale Activity en_US
dc.subject Nickel Compounds en_US
dc.subject Numerical Model en_US
dc.subject Pacific Ocean (East) en_US
dc.subject Peru Undercurrent en_US
dc.subject Reanalysis en_US
dc.subject Regional Model en_US
dc.subject Sea Surface Temperature en_US
dc.subject Simple Ocean Data Assimilations en_US
dc.subject Southern Oscillation en_US
dc.subject SST Anomalies en_US
dc.subject Teleconnections en_US
dc.subject Vertical Structures en_US
dc.subject Wind Stress en_US
dc.title Change in El Niño flavours over 1958-2008: Implications for the long-term trend of the upwelling off Peru en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.04.011
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.05.11
dc.relation.issn 0967-0645


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