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Sympatric otariids increase trophic segregation in response to warming ocean conditions in Peruvian Humboldt Current System

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dc.contributor.author Cardenas Alayza, Susana
dc.contributor.author Adkesson, Michael J.
dc.contributor.author Edwards, Mickie R.
dc.contributor.author Hirons, Amy C.
dc.contributor.author Gutierrez Aguilar, Dimitri Alexey
dc.contributor.author Tremblay, Yann
dc.contributor.author Franco-Trecu, Valentina
dc.date.accessioned 2022-09-09T18:52:23Z
dc.date.available 2022-09-09T18:52:23Z
dc.date.issued 2022
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/12170
dc.description.abstract Determining trophic habits of predator communities is essential to measure interspecific interactions and response to environmental fluctuations. South American fur seals, Arctocephalus australis (SAFS) and sea lions Otaria byronia (SASL), coexist along the coasts of Peru. Recently, ocean warming events (2014–2017) that can decrease and impoverish prey biomass have occurred in the Peruvian Humboldt Current System. In this context, our aim was to assess the effect of warming events on long-term inter- and intra-specific niche segregation. We collected whisker from SAFS (55 females and 21 males) and SASL (14 females and 22 males) in Punta San Juan, Peru. We used δ13C and δ15N values serially archived in otariid whiskers to construct a monthly time series for 2005–2019. From the same period we used sea level anomaly records to determine shifts in the predominant oceanographic conditions using a change point analysis. Ellipse areas (SIBER) estimated niche width of species-sex groups and their overlap. We detected a shift in the environmental conditions marking two distinct periods (P1: January 2005—October 2013; P2: November 2013—December 2019). Reduction in δ15N in all groups during P2 suggests impoverished baseline values with bottom-up effects, a shift towards consuming lower trophic level prey, or both. Reduced overlap between all groups in P2 lends support of a more redundant assemblage during the colder P1 to a more trophically segregated assemblage during warmer P2. SASL females show the largest variation in response to the warming scenario (P2), reducing both ellipse area and δ15N mean values. Plasticity to adapt to changing environments and feeding on a more available food source without fishing pressure can be more advantageous for female SASL, albeit temporary trophic bottom-up effects. This helps explain larger population size of SASL in Peru, in contrast to the smaller and declining SAFS population. en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher Public Library of Science
dc.relation.ispartofseries PLoS ONE
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject Ecological niches en_US
dc.subject El Niño-Southern Oscillation en_US
dc.subject Ellipses en_US
dc.subject Foraging en_US
dc.subject Predation en_US
dc.subject Stable isotopes en_US
dc.subject Lobsters en_US
dc.subject Vibrissae en_US
dc.title Sympatric otariids increase trophic segregation in response to warming ocean conditions in Peruvian Humboldt Current System en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272348
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.13
dc.relation.issn 1932-6203


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