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Ecological determinants of rabies virus dynamics in vampire bats and spillover to livestock

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dc.contributor.author Meza, D.K.
dc.contributor.author Mollentze, N.
dc.contributor.author Broos, A.
dc.contributor.author Tello, C.
dc.contributor.author Valderrama, William
dc.contributor.author Recuenco, S.
dc.contributor.author Carrera, J.E.
dc.contributor.author Shiva Ramayoni, Carlos Martin
dc.contributor.author Falcon Perez, Nestor Gerardo
dc.contributor.author Viana, M.
dc.contributor.author Streicker, D.G.
dc.date.accessioned 2022-10-12T18:25:58Z
dc.date.available 2022-10-12T18:25:58Z
dc.date.issued 2022
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/12372
dc.description.abstract The pathogen transmission dynamics in bat reservoirs underpin efforts to reduce risks to human health and enhance bat conservation, but are notoriously challenging to resolve. For vampire bat rabies, the geographical scale of enzootic cycles, whether environmental factors modulate baseline risk, and how within-host processes affect population-level dynamics remain unresolved. We studied patterns of rabies exposure using an 11-year, spatially replicated sero-survey of 3709 Peruvian vampire bats and co-occurring outbreaks in livestock. Seroprevalence was correlated among nearby sites but fluctuated asynchronously at larger distances. A generalized additive mixed model confirmed spatially compartmentalized transmission cycles, but no effects of bat demography or environmental context on seroprevalence. Among 427 recaptured bats, we observed long-term survival following rabies exposure and antibody waning, supporting hypotheses that immunological mechanisms influence viral maintenance. Finally, seroprevalence in bats was only weakly correlated with outbreaks in livestock, reinforcing the challenge of spillover prediction even with extensive data. Together our results suggest that rabies maintenance requires transmission among multiple, nearby bat colonies which may be facilitated by waning of protective immunity. However, the likelihood of incursions and dynamics of transmission within bat colonies appear largely independent of bat ecology. The implications of these results for spillover anticipation and controlling transmission at the source are discussed. en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher Royal Society Publishing
dc.relation.ispartofseries Proceedings - Royal Society. Biological Sciences
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject metapopulation maintenance en_US
dc.subject Desmodus rotundus en_US
dc.subject wildlife en_US
dc.subject eco-immunology en_US
dc.subject Chiroptera en_US
dc.subject zoonoses en_US
dc.title Ecological determinants of rabies virus dynamics in vampire bats and spillover to livestock en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.0860
dc.relation.issn 1471-2954


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