DSpace Repository

Late-onset opportunistic infections while receiving anti-retroviral therapy in Latin America: burden and risk factors

Show simple item record

dc.contributor.author Núñez, I.
dc.contributor.author Crabtree-Ramirez, B.
dc.contributor.author Shepherd, B.E.
dc.contributor.author Sterling, T.R.
dc.contributor.author Cahn, P.
dc.contributor.author Veloso, V.G.
dc.contributor.author Cortes, C.P.
dc.contributor.author Padgett, D.
dc.contributor.author Gotuzzo Herencia, José Eduardo
dc.contributor.author Sierra-Madero, J.
dc.contributor.author McGowan, C.C.
dc.contributor.author Person, A.K.
dc.contributor.author Caro-Vega, Y.
dc.date.accessioned 2022-10-12T18:25:59Z
dc.date.available 2022-10-12T18:25:59Z
dc.date.issued 2022
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/12383
dc.description.abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the incidence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of late-onset opportunistic infections (LOI) in people who live with HIV (PWLHA) within the Caribbean, Central and South America network for HIV epidemiology. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study including treatment-naive PWLHA enrolled at seven sites (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Mexico, and two sites in Honduras). Follow-up began at 6 months after treatment started. Outcomes were LOI, loss to follow-up, and death. We used a Cox proportional hazards model and a competing risks model to evaluate risk factors. Results: A total of 10,583 patients were included. Median follow up was at 5.4 years. LOI occurred in 895 (8.4%) patients. Median time to opportunistic infection was 2.1 years. The most common infections were tuberculosis (39%), esophageal candidiasis (10%), and Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) pneumonia (10%). Death occurred in 576 (5.4%) patients, and 3021 (28.5%) patients were lost to follow-up. A protease inhibitor–based regimen (hazard ratio 1.25), AIDS-defining events during the first 6 months of antiretroviral-treatment (hazard ratio 2.12), starting antiretroviral-treatment in earlier years (hazard ratio 1.52 for 2005 vs 2010), and treatment switch (hazard ratio 1.31) were associated with a higher risk of LOI. Conclusion: LOI occurred in nearly one in 10 patients. People with risk factors could benefit from closer follow-up. en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher Elsevier
dc.relation.ispartofseries International Journal of Infectious Diseases
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject Opportunistic infections en_US
dc.subject HIV en_US
dc.subject AIDS en_US
dc.subject Latin America en_US
dc.subject Tuberculosis en_US
dc.subject Cohort studies en_US
dc.title Late-onset opportunistic infections while receiving anti-retroviral therapy in Latin America: burden and risk factors en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2022.06.041
dc.relation.issn 1878-3511


Files in this item

Files Size Format View

There are no files associated with this item.

This item appears in the following Collection(s)

Show simple item record

info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess

Search DSpace


Browse

My Account

Statistics