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Acetazolamide and N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of chronic mountain sickness (Monge's disease)

Sharma, S.; Gralla, J.; Ordonez, J. G.; Hurtado, M. E.; Swenson, E. R.; Schoene, R. B.; Kelly, J. P.; Callacondo, D.; Rivard, C.; Roncal-Jimenez, C.; Sirota, J.; Fuquay, R.; Jackson, B. P.; Swenson, K. E.; Johnson, R. J.; Hurtado, A.; Escudero, E. (Elsevier, 2017)

Patients suffering from chronic mountain sickness (CMS) have excessive erythrocytosis. Low level cobalt toxicity as a likely contributor has been demonstrated in some subjects. We performed a randomized, placebo controlled ...
Adaptive Potential of the Heme Oxygenase/Carbon Monoxide Pathway During Hypoxia

Tift, M.S.; Alves de Souza, R.W.; Weber, J.; Heinrich, E.C.; Villafuerte, Francisco C.; Malhotra, A.; Otterbein, L.E.; Simonson, T.S. (Frontiers Media, 2020)

Heme oxygenase (HO) enzymes catalyze heme into biliverdin, releasing carbon monoxide (CO) and iron into circulation. These byproducts of heme degradation can have potent cytoprotective effects in the face of stressors such ...
Aerobic capacity of Peruvian Quechua: a test of the developmental adaptation hypothesis

Kiyamu Tsuchiya, Melisa; Brutsaert, Tom D.; Elías, Gianpietro; León-Velarde, Fabiola; Rivera Chira, Maria Concepcion (Wiley, 2015)

High altitude natives are reported to have outstanding work capacity in spite of the challenge of oxygen transport and delivery in hypoxia. To evaluate the developmental effect of lifelong exposure to hypoxia on aerobic ...
Altitude does not protect against SARS-CoV-2 infections and mortality due to COVID-19

Cardenas, L.; Valverde-Bruffau, V.; Gonzales Rengifo, Gustavo Francisco (Wiley, 2021)

We read with interest the paper from Millet et al. (2021), which discuss reports suggesting that high-altitude residence may be beneficial in the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). They conclude that no evidence-based ...
Arginine-vasopressin marker copeptin is a sensitive plasma surrogate of hypoxic exposure

Ostergaard, Louise; Rudiger, Alain; Wellmann, Sven; Gammella, Elena; Beck-Schimmer, Beatrice; Struck, Joachim; Maggiorini, Marco; Gassmann, Max (Dove Medical Press, 2014)

BACKGROUND: A reduced oxygen supply puts patients at risk of tissue hypoxia, organ damage, and even death. In response, several changes are activated that allow for at least partial adaptation, thereby increasing the chances ...
Association between serum concentrations of hypoxia inducible factor responsive proteins and excessive erythrocytosis in high altitude Peru

Painschab, M.S.; Malpartida, G.E.; Dávila-Roman, V.G.; Gilman, Robert Hugh; Kolb, T.M.; León-Velarde, Fabiola; Miranda, J. Jaime; Checkley, W. (Mary Ann Liebert, 2015)

Long-term residence at high altitude is associated with the development of chronic mountain sickness (CMS), which is characterized by excessive erythrocytosis (EE). EE occurs under chronic hypoxia, and a strongly selected ...
Association of EGLN1 gene with high aerobic capacity of Peruvian Quechua at high altitude.

Brutsaert, Tom D.; Kiyamu Tsuchiya, Melisa; Elias Revollendo, Gianpietro; Isherwood, Jenna L.; Lee, Frank S.; Rivera Chira, Maria Concepcion; León-Velarde, Fabiola; Ghosh, Sudipta; Bigham, Abigail W. (National Academy of Sciences, 2019)

Highland native Andeans have resided at altitude for millennia. They display high aerobic capacity (VO2max) at altitude, which may be a reflection of genetic adaptation to hypoxia. Previous genomewide (GW) scans for natural ...
Cardiovascular and renal effects of chronic exposure to high altitude

Hurtado, A.; Escudero, E.; Pando, J.; Sharma, S.; Johnson, R.J. (Oxford University Press, 2012)

Over 140 million people live at high altitude, defined as living at an altitude of 2400 m or more above sea level. Subjects living under these conditions are continuously living under hypoxic conditions and, depending on ...
Chronic Mountain Sickness and Chronic Lower Respiratory Tract Disorders

León-Velarde, Fabiola; Arregui A.; Vargas M.; Huicho Oriundo, Luis; Acosta R. (Elsevier, 1994)

To determine whether chronic lower respiratory tract disorders contributed to the development of chronic mountain sickness (CMS), we compared hemoglobin (Hb), oxygen saturation (SaO2), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), and ...
Cognitive function and mood at high altitude following acclimatization and use of supplemental oxygen and adaptive servoventilation sleep treatments.

Heinrich, Erica C.; Djokic, Matea A.; Gilbertson, Dillon; DeYoung, Pamela N.; Bosompra, Naa-Oye; Wu, Lu; Anza-Ramirez, Cecilia; Orr, Jeremy E.; Powell, Frank L.; Malhotra, Atul; Simonson, Tatum S. (Public Library of Science, 2019)

Impairments in cognitive function, mood, and sleep quality occur following ascent to high altitude. Low oxygen (hypoxia) and poor sleep quality are both linked to impaired cognitive performance, but their independent ...
Cross-Sectional Comparison of Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Native Peruvian Highlanders and Lowlanders

Pham, Luu V.; Meinzen, Christopher; Arias, Rafael S.; Schwartz, Noah G.; Rattner, Adi; Miele, Catherine H.; Smith, Philip L.; Schneider, Hartmut; Miranda, J. Jaime; Gilman, Robert Hugh; Polotsky, Vsevolod Y.; Checkley, William; Schwartz, Alan R. (Mary Ann Liebert, 2017)

BACKGROUND: Altitude can accentuate sleep disordered breathing (SDB), which has been linked to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. SDB in highlanders has not been characterized in large controlled studies. The purpose ...
Developmental Effects Determine Submaximal Arterial Oxygen Saturation in Peruvian Quechua

Kiyamu Tsuchiya, Melisa; León-Velarde, Fabiola; Rivera Chira, Maria Concepcion; Elias, Gianpietro; Brutsaert, Tom D. (Mary Ann Liebert, 2015)

Kiyamu, Melisa, Fabiola Leon-Velarde, Maria Rivera-Chira, Gianpietro Elias, and Tom D. Brutsaert. Developmental effects determine submaximal arterial oxygen saturation in Peruvian Quechua. High Alt Med Biol 16, 138-146, ...
Erythrocytosis: The HIF pathway in control

Franke, Kristin; Gassmann, Max; Wielockx, Ben (Elsevier, 2013)

Organisms living under aerobic conditions need oxygen for the metabolic conversion of nutrition into energy. With the appearance of increasingly complex animals, a specialized transport system (erythrocytes) arose during ...
Erythropoietin and the use of a transgenic model of erythropoietin-deficient mice

Pichon, Aurelien; Jeton, Florine; El-Hasnaoui-Saadani, Raja; Hagstrom, Luciana; Launay, Thierry; Beaudry, Michele; Marchant, Dominique; Quidu, Patricia; Macarlupu, Jose-Luis; Favret, Fabrice; Richalet, Jean-Paul; Voituron, Nicolas (Dove Medical Press, 2016)

Despite its well-known role in red blood cell production, it is now accepted that erythropoietin (Epo) has other physiological functions. Epo and its receptors are expressed in many tissues, such as the brain and heart. ...
Global REACH 2018: High Blood Viscosity and Hemoglobin Concentration Contribute to Reduced Flow-Mediated Dilation in High-Altitude Excessive Erythrocytosis

Tremblay, Joshua C.; Hoiland, Ryan L.; Howe, Connor A.; Coombs, Geoff B.; Vizcardo-Galindo, Gustavo A.; Figueroa-Mujica, Romulo J.; Bermudez, Daniela; Gibbons, Travis D.; Stacey, Benjamin S.; Bailey, Damian M.; Tymko, Michael M.; MacLeod, David B.; Gasho, Chris; Villafuerte, Francisco C.; Pyke, Kyra E.; Ainslie, Philip N. (Wolters Kluwer Health, 2019)

Excessive erythrocytosis (EE; hemoglobin concentration [Hb] >/=21 g/dL in adult males) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in highlander Andeans. We sought to quantify shear stress and assess endothelial ...
Global Reach 2018: reduced flow-mediated dilation stimulated by sustained increases in shear stress in high-altitude excessive erythrocytosis.

Tremblay, Joshua C.; Coombs, Geoff B.; Howe, Connor A.; Vizcardo-Galindo, Gustavo A.; Figueroa-Mujica, Romulo J.; Bermudez, Daniela; Tymko, Michael M.; Villafuerte, Francisco C.; Ainslie, Philip N.; Pyke, Kyra E. (American Physiological Society, 2019)

Excessive erythrocytosis [EE; hemoglobin concentration (Hb) >/= 21 g/dL in adult men] is a maladaptive high-altitude pathology associated with increased cardiovascular risk and reduced reactive hyperemia flow-mediated ...
Global REACH: assessment of brady-arrhythmias in andeans and lowlanders during apnea at 4330 m

Busch, Stephen A.; van Diepen, Sean; Steele, Andrew R.; Meah, Victoria L.; Simpson, Lydia L.; Figueroa-Mujíca, Rómulo J.; Vizcardo-Galindo, Gustavo; Villafuerte, Francisco C.; Tymko, Michael M.; Ainslie, Philip N.; Moore, Jonathan P.; Stembridge, Mike; Steinback, Craig D. (Frontiers Media, 2019)

Background: Ascent to altitude increases the prevalence of arrhythmogenesis in low-altitude dwelling populations (Lowlanders). High altitude populations (i.e., Nepalese Sherpa) may have arrhythmias resistant adaptations ...
Hematopoietic Stem Cells but Not Multipotent Progenitors Drive Erythropoiesis during Chronic Erythroid Stress in EPO Transgenic Mice

Singh, Rashim Pal; Grinenko, Tatyana; Ramasz, Beáta; Franke, Kristin; Lesche, Mathias; Dahl, Andreas; Gassmann, Max; Chavakis, Triantafyllos; Henry, Ian; Wielockx, Ben (Elsevier, 2018)

The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment consists of a small pool of cells capable of replenishing all blood cells. Although it is established that the hematopoietic system is assembled as a hierarchical organization ...
High altitude renal syndrome (HARS)

Hurtado Arestegui, A.; Fuquay, R.; Sirota, J.; Swenson, E.R.; Schoene, R.B.; Jefferson, J.A.; Chen, W.; Yu, X.-Q.; Kelly, J.P.; Johnson, R.J.; Escudero, E. (American Society of Nephrolog, 2011)

More than 140 million people live permanently at high altitude (>2400 m) under hypoxic conditions that challenge basic physiology. Here we present a short historical review of the populating of these regions and of evidence ...
High-altitude cognitive impairment is prevented by enriched environment including exercise via VEGF signaling

Koester-Hegmann, C.; Bengoetxea, H.; Kosenkov, D.; Thiersch, M.; Haider, T.; Gassmann, M.; Schneider Gasser, E.M. (Frontiers Media, 2019)

Exposure to hypobaric hypoxia at high altitude (above 2500 m asl) causes cognitive impairment, mostly attributed to changes in brain perfusion and consequently neuronal death. Enriched environment and voluntary exercise ...