Colonizing and Virulence Factors in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli from Peru.

Rivera Albinagorta, Fulton Paul; Riveros Ramirez, Maribel Denise; Ochoa Woodell, Theresa Jean; Ruiz, Joaquim; Medina Prada, Anicia Magaly; Pons, Maria J.

dc.contributor.author	Rivera Albinagorta, Fulton Paul
dc.contributor.author	Medina Prada, Anicia Magaly
dc.contributor.author	Riveros Ramirez, Maribel Denise
dc.contributor.author	Ochoa Woodell, Theresa Jean
dc.contributor.author	Pons, Maria J.
dc.contributor.author	Ruiz, Joaquim
dc.coverage.spatial	Perú
dc.date.accessioned	2023-04-16T04:38:12Z
dc.date.available	2023-04-16T04:38:12Z
dc.date.issued	2023
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/13360
dc.description.abstract	Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) ranks among the most relevant diarrheagenic pathogens. Efforts to design vaccines to fight ETEC have been focused on colonizing factors (CFs) and atypical virulence factors (AVF). An effective vaccine must account for differences in the regional prevalence of these CFs and AVFs to be truly effective in a given area. In the present study, the presence of 16 CFs and 9 AVFs, as well as the heat-stable (ST) variants (STh or STp), was established by polymerase chain reaction in 205 Peruvian ETEC isolates (120 from diarrhea cases and 85 from healthy controls). Ninety-nine (48.3%) isolates were heat-labile, 63 (30.7%) ST, and 43 (21.0%) presented both toxins. Of ST isolates, 59 (28.8%) possessed STh, 30 (14.6%) STp, five (2.4%) both STh and STp, and 12 (5.8%) were not amplified for any variant tested. The presence of CFs was associated with diarrhea (P < 0.0001). The presence of eatA as well as concomitant presence of CSI, CS3, and CS21 and of C5 and C6 was statistically related to diarrhea cases. The present results suggests that, if effective, a vaccine considering CS6, CS20, and CS21, together with EtpA, would provide protection against 64.4% of the isolates analyzed, whereas the addition of CS12 and EAST1 would lead to 83.9% coverage. Large studies are needed to establish both the ideal candidates to be considered to develop a vaccine effective in the area, and continuous surveillance is needed to detect displacement of circulating isolates that may compromise future vaccines.	en_US
dc.language.iso	eng
dc.publisher	American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
dc.relation.ispartofseries	American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.subject	Colonizing	en_US
dc.subject	Virulence	en_US
dc.subject	Enterotoxigenic	en_US
dc.subject	Escherichia coli	en_US
dc.subject	Peru	en_US
dc.title	Colonizing and Virulence Factors in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli from Peru.	en_US
dc.type	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi	https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.22-0677
dc.subject.ocde	https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.06
dc.relation.issn	1476-1645