Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

Design and approval of the nutritional warnings' policy in Peru: Milestones, key stakeholders, and policy drivers for its approval.

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dc.contributor.author Diez-Canseco Montero, Francisco
dc.contributor.author Cavero Huapaya, Victoria María
dc.contributor.author Alvarez Cano Fernandez, Juan Carlos
dc.contributor.author Saavedra García, Lorena María
dc.contributor.author Taillie, Lindsey Smith
dc.contributor.author Dillman Carpentier, Francesca R.
dc.contributor.author Miranda, J. Jaime
dc.coverage.spatial Perú
dc.date.accessioned 2023-07-18T16:18:56Z
dc.date.available 2023-07-18T16:18:56Z
dc.date.issued 2023
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/13923
dc.description.abstract Nutritional warnings are used as a public health strategy to address obesity. Peru approved in 2013 and implemented in 2019 a law requiring nutritional warnings on the marketing and packaging of processed foods high in sugar, sodium, saturated fat, and containing trans-fat. The complexity behind the design and approval of these policies over six years provides unique learnings, that inform the obesity prevention context, especially when proposed policies face strong opposition from powerful stakeholders. Our study aims to describe the milestones and key stakeholders' roles and stances during the nutritional warnings policy design in Peru, and to identify and analyze the main drivers of policy change that explain its approval. In 2021, interviews were conducted with 25 key informants closely involved in its design. Interviews were analyzed using the Kaleidoscope Model as a theoretical framework. Relevant policy documents and news were also analyzed. Milestones for this policy included the approval of the Law, Regulation, and Manual. Policy supporters were mainly from Congress, civil society advocates, and Health Ministers. Opponents came from Congress, ministries linked to the economic sector, the food industry, and media. Across the years, warnings evolved from a single text, to traffic lights, to the approved black octagons. Main challenges included the strong opposition of powerful stakeholders, the lack of agreement for defining the appropriate evidence supporting nutritional warning parameters and design, and the political instability of the country. Based on the Kaleidoscope Model, the policy successfully targeted a relevant problem (unhealthy eating decisions) and had powerful advocates who effectively used focusing events to reposition the warnings in the policy agenda across the years. Negotiations weakened the policy but led to its approval. Importantly, government veto players were mostly in favor of the policy, which enabled its final approval despite the strong opposition. en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher Public Library of Science
dc.relation.ispartofseries PLOS Global Public Health
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject Food en_US
dc.subject Public policy en_US
dc.subject Childhood obesity en_US
dc.subject Health care policy en_US
dc.subject Beverages en_US
dc.subject Fats en_US
dc.subject Science policy en_US
dc.subject Adolescents en_US
dc.subject.mesh Alimentos
dc.subject.mesh Política Pública
dc.subject.mesh Obesidad Infantil
dc.subject.mesh Política de Salud
dc.subject.mesh Bebidas
dc.subject.mesh Grasas
dc.subject.mesh Política Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación
dc.subject.mesh Adolescente
dc.title Design and approval of the nutritional warnings' policy in Peru: Milestones, key stakeholders, and policy drivers for its approval. en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001121
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.18
dc.relation.issn 2767-3375


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