Dog Population Rabies Immunity before a Mass Vaccination Campaign in Lima, Peru: Vulnerabilities for Virus Reestablishment

Falcon Perez, Nestor Gerardo; Toledo-Barone, Gisely; Castillo Neyra, Ricardo; Vigilato, Marco A. N.; Rocha, Felipe; Chuquista Alcarraz, Olimpia; Recuenco, Sergio E.; Amorim-Conselheiro, Juliana

dc.contributor.author	Chuquista Alcarraz, Olimpia
dc.contributor.author	Falcon Perez, Nestor Gerardo
dc.contributor.author	Vigilato, Marco A. N.
dc.contributor.author	Rocha, Felipe
dc.contributor.author	Toledo-Barone, Gisely
dc.contributor.author	Amorim-Conselheiro, Juliana
dc.contributor.author	Recuenco, Sergio E.
dc.contributor.author	Castillo Neyra, Ricardo
dc.coverage.spatial	Surquillo, Lima, Perú
dc.date.accessioned	2023-09-06T20:45:09Z
dc.date.available	2023-09-06T20:45:09Z
dc.date.issued	2023
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/14075
dc.description.abstract	Lima, Peru, has not had a case of canine rabies since 1999. However, Lima remains at risk of rabies reintroduction due to the free movement of dogs from nearby rabies-endemic areas. In Latin America, rabies vaccination campaigns must reach 80% of dogs to halt transmission, but estimates of vaccine coverage are often unavailable, unreliable, or inaccurate. Quantifying virus neutralizing antibodies (VNA) allows monitoring of the immunological status of the canine population, evaluation of the degree of humoral protection to the virus, and assessing, partially, the population response to vaccination. We evaluated the dog population's immunity level against the rabies virus before a mass vaccination campaign in Lima. We collected 141 canine blood samples in the district of Surquillo and quantified rabies virus neutralizing antibody titers using the fluorescent antibody virus neutralization test). We surveyed dogs owners to reconstruct canine vaccination histories. Among dogs previously vaccinated, 73.9% exceeded the seroconversion threshold of > 0.5 IU/mL. Among all dogs, only 58.2% reached the titer limit for seroconversion. Dogs ≤ 1 year old constituted 26.2% of the total canine population and had lower levels of VNA than dogs > 1 year old (χ2 = 9.071; P = 0.028). Importantly, dogs vaccinated with single-pathogen vaccines had higher levels of VNA than those who received combined-pathogen vaccines (χ2 = 7.721; P = 0.005). We provide an important and timely glimpse to the immunity status of the dog population in urban areas of Lima, a metropolis near a dog rabies-endemic region.	en_US
dc.language.iso	eng
dc.publisher	American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
dc.relation.ispartofseries	American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.subject	Dog	en_US
dc.subject	Rabies	en_US
dc.subject	Mass Vaccination Campaign	en_US
dc.subject	Lima, Peru	en_US
dc.subject	Virus Reestablishment	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Perros
dc.subject.mesh	Rabia
dc.subject.mesh	Programas de Inmunización
dc.subject.mesh	Perú
dc.title	Dog Population Rabies Immunity before a Mass Vaccination Campaign in Lima, Peru: Vulnerabilities for Virus Reestablishment	en_US
dc.type	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi	https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.22-0530
dc.subject.ocde	https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.06
dc.relation.issn	1476-1645