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Characterization of Wild and Captive Baboon Gut Microbiota and Their Antibiotic Resistomes

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dc.contributor.author Tsukayama Cisneros, Pablo
dc.contributor.author Boolchandani, Manish
dc.contributor.author Patel, Sanket
dc.contributor.author Pehrsson, Erica C.
dc.contributor.author Gibson, Molly K.
dc.contributor.author Chiou, Kenneth L.
dc.contributor.author Jolly, Clifford J.
dc.contributor.author Rogers, Jeffrey
dc.contributor.author Phillips-Conroy, Jane E.
dc.contributor.author Dantas, Gautam
dc.date.accessioned 2018-11-30T02:09:31Z
dc.date.available 2018-11-30T02:09:31Z
dc.date.issued 2018
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/4024
dc.description.abstract Environmental microbes have harbored the capacity for antibiotic production for millions of years, spanning the evolution of humans and other vertebrates. However, the industrial-scale use of antibiotics in clinical and agricultural practice over the past century has led to a substantial increase in exposure of these agents to human and environmental microbiota. This perturbation is predicted to alter the ecology of microbial communities and to promote the evolution and transfer of antibiotic resistance (AR) genes. We studied wild and captive baboon populations to understand the effects of exposure to humans and human activities (e.g., antibiotic therapy) on the composition of the primate fecal microbiota and the antibiotic-resistant genes that it collectively harbors (the "resistome"). Using a culture-independent metagenomic approach, we identified functional antibiotic resistance genes in the gut microbiota of wild and captive baboon groups and saw marked variation in microbiota architecture and resistomes across habitats and lifeways. Our results support the view that antibiotic resistance is an ancient feature of gut microbial communities and that sharing habitats with humans may have important effects on the structure and function of the primate microbiota. IMPORTANCE Antibiotic exposure results in acute and persistent shifts in the composition and function of microbial communities associated with vertebrate hosts. However, little is known about the state of these communities in the era before the widespread introduction of antibiotics into clinical and agricultural practice. We characterized the fecal microbiota and antibiotic resistomes of wild and captive baboon populations to understand the effect of human exposure and to understand how the primate microbiota may have been altered during the antibiotic era. We used culture-independent and bioinformatics methods to identify functional resistance genes in the guts of wild and captive baboons and show that exposure to humans is associated with changes in microbiota composition and resistome expansion compared to wild baboon groups. Our results suggest that captivity and lifestyle changes associated with human contact can lead to marked changes in the ecology of primate gut communities. en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher American Society for Microbiology
dc.relation.ispartofseries MSystems
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject antibiotics en_US
dc.subject antimicrobial resistance en_US
dc.subject baboon en_US
dc.subject metagenomics en_US
dc.subject microbial ecology en_US
dc.subject microbiome en_US
dc.subject resistome en_US
dc.title Characterization of Wild and Captive Baboon Gut Microbiota and Their Antibiotic Resistomes en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00016-18
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.03
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.01
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.02.01
dc.relation.issn 2379-5077


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