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Evaluation of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF in patients with presumptive tuberculous meningitis

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dc.contributor.author Metcalf, Tatiana
dc.contributor.author Soria, Jaime
dc.contributor.author Montano, Silvia M.
dc.contributor.author Ticona, Eduardo
dc.contributor.author Evans, Carlton Anthony William
dc.contributor.author Huaroto, Luz
dc.contributor.author Kasper, Matthew
dc.contributor.author Ramos, Eric S.
dc.contributor.author Mori, Nicanor
dc.contributor.author Jittamala, Podjanee
dc.contributor.author Chotivanich, Kesinee
dc.contributor.author Chavez, Irwin F.
dc.contributor.author Singhasivanon, Pratap
dc.contributor.author Pukrittayakamee, Sasithon
dc.contributor.author Zunt, Joseph R.
dc.date.accessioned 2018-11-30T03:10:46Z
dc.date.available 2018-11-30T03:10:46Z
dc.date.issued 2018
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/4065
dc.description.abstract BACKGROUND: Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We evaluated the performance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing with the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay versus traditional approaches for diagnosing tuberculosis meningitis (TBM). METHODS: Patients were adults (n = 37) presenting with suspected TBM to the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, Lima, Peru, during 12 months until 1st January 2015. Each participant had a single CSF specimen that was divided into aliquots that were concurrently tested for M. tuberculosis using GeneXpert, Ziehl-Neelsen smear and culture on solid and liquid media. Drug susceptibility testing used Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT 960) and the proportions method. RESULTS: 81% (30/37) of patients received a final clinical diagnosis of TBM, of whom 63% (19/30, 95% confidence intervals, CI: 44-80%) were HIV-positive. 22% (8/37, 95%CI: 9.8-38%), of patients had definite TBM. Because definite TBM was defined by positivity in any laboratory test, all laboratory tests had 100% specificity. Considering the 30 patients who had a clinical diagnosis of TBM: diagnostic sensitivity was 23% (7/30, 95%CI: 9.9-42%) for GeneXpert and was the same for all culture results combined; considerably greater than 7% (2/30, 95%CI: 0.82-22%) for microscopy; whereas all laboratory tests had poor negative predictive values (20-23%). Considering only the 8 patients with definite TBM: diagnostic sensitivity was 88% (7/8, 95%CI: 47-100%) for GeneXpert; 75% (6/8, 95%CI: 35-97%) for MGIT culture or LJ culture; 50% (4/8, 95%CI 16-84) for Ogawa culture and 25% (2/8, 95%CI: 3.2-65%) for microscopy. GeneXpert and microscopy provided same-day results, whereas culture took 20-56 days. GeneXpert provided same-day rifampicin-susceptibility results, whereas culture-based testing took 32-71 days. 38% (3/8, 95%CI: 8.5-76%) of patients with definite TBM with data had evidence of drug-resistant TB, but 73% (22/30) of all clinically diagnosed TBM (definite, probable, and possible TBM) had no drug-susceptibility results available. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with traditional culture-based methods of CSF testing, GeneXpert had similar yield and faster results for both the detection of M. tuberculosis and drug-susceptibility testing. Including use of the GeneXpert has the capacity to improve the diagnosis of TBM cases. en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher Public Library of Science
dc.relation.ispartofseries PLoS ONE
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject Cerebrospinal fluid en_US
dc.subject Tuberculosis en_US
dc.subject Diagnostic medicine en_US
dc.subject Tuberculosis diagnosis and management en_US
dc.subject Mycobacterium tuberculosis en_US
dc.subject Neuroimaging en_US
dc.subject HIV en_US
dc.subject Meningitis en_US
dc.title Evaluation of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF in patients with presumptive tuberculous meningitis en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198695
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.07
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.02
dc.relation.issn 1932-6203


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