Factors affecting lactoferrin concentration in human milk: how much do we know?

Rueda, Maria S.; Ochoa Woodell, Theresa Jean; Villavicencio, Aasith; Turin, Christie G.

dc.contributor.author	Villavicencio, Aasith
dc.contributor.author	Rueda, Maria S.
dc.contributor.author	Turin, Christie G.
dc.contributor.author	Ochoa Woodell, Theresa Jean
dc.date.accessioned	2019-01-25T16:59:38Z
dc.date.available	2019-01-25T16:59:38Z
dc.date.issued	2016
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/4908
dc.description.abstract	Lactoferrin (LF) is a breast milk glycoprotein with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. Its beneficial properties in infants, especially in those born preterm, are currently being studied in clinical trials. However, the maternal and nursing infant factors that may affect LF concentration in breast milk are still not clear. We conducted a systematic review to investigate the factors that may affect the concentration of LF in breast milk. We used a 2-step approach to identify the eligible studies according to inclusion/exclusion criteria, and to determine which studies would be considered. We included 70 qualified articles from 29 countries with publication dates ranging from 1976 to 2015. We described the correlation between LF concentration in breast milk and lactation stage; 10 maternal factors, such as race, parity, among others; and 2 infant factors: infections and prematurity. Colostrum has the highest LF levels, but they decrease with days postpartum. No other factor has been consistently associated with LF concentration. A major limitation of the majority of the published studies is the small sample size and the different methods used to measure LF concentration. Therefore, there is a need for large, multicenter studies with standardized study design, sample collection, and LF measurement methods to identify clinically significant factors associated with LF expression in breast milk, which will help promote exclusive breastfeeding in preterm infants.	en_US
dc.language.iso	eng
dc.publisher	NRC Research Press
dc.relation.ispartofseries	Biochemistry and Cell Biology
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject	Female	en_US
dc.subject	Humans	en_US
dc.subject	Lactation	en_US
dc.subject	Milk, Human/metabolism	en_US
dc.subject	lactoferrin	en_US
dc.subject	lactoferrine	en_US
dc.subject	breast milk	en_US
dc.subject	facteurs maternels	en_US
dc.subject	facteurs neonataux	en_US
dc.subject	lactation	en_US
dc.subject	lait maternel	en_US
dc.subject	maternal factors	en_US
dc.subject	neonatal factors	en_US
dc.subject	Lactoferrin/metabolism	en_US
dc.title	Factors affecting lactoferrin concentration in human milk: how much do we know?	en_US
dc.type	info:eu-repo/semantics/review
dc.identifier.doi	https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2016-0060
dc.subject.ocde	https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.03
dc.subject.ocde	https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.01
dc.relation.issn	1208-6002