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Implications for changes in Anopheles darlingi biting behaviour in three communities in the peri-Iquitos region of Amazonian Peru

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dc.contributor.author Moreno, Marta
dc.contributor.author Saavedra Romero, Marlon Pierino
dc.contributor.author Bickersmith, Sara A.
dc.contributor.author Lainhart, William
dc.contributor.author Tong, Carlos
dc.contributor.author Alava, Freddy
dc.contributor.author Vinetz, Joseph Michael
dc.contributor.author Conn, Jan E.
dc.date.accessioned 2019-02-06T14:53:06Z
dc.date.available 2019-02-06T14:53:06Z
dc.date.issued 2015
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/5365
dc.description.abstract BACKGROUND: Malaria transmission in the peri-Iquitos region of Amazonian Peru has been designated as seasonal and hypo-endemic with recently described hyper-endemic hotspots. Despite relatively recent distribution of long-lasting insecticidal bed nets (LLINs), malaria in Amazonian Peru persists and increased substantially in 2014 compared to previous years. Anopheles darlingi, identified as the main malaria vector, is known for its variable behaviour depending on locality and environment. METHODS: To evaluate vector biology metrics in relation to seasonality and malaria transmission, mosquito collections were carried out in three localities in the peri-Iquitos region, Loreto, Peru in 2011-2012. Human landing catch (HLC) collection method, Shannon (SHA) and CDC trap types were compared for effectiveness in a neotropical setting. Abundance, human biting rate and entomological inoculation rate (EIR) were measured to provide an updated view of transmission patterns post-LLIN distribution. RESULTS: HLC collected significantly more anopheline mosquitoes than SHA and CDC light traps. Anopheles darlingi was the most prevalent species in all three villages (84% overall). Biting patterns varied depending on trap type, season and village. EIR varied temporally (monthly) and spatially and the highest (2.52) occurred during the 2012 malaria outbreak in Cahuide. Unexpectedly there was a high infection rate (1.47 and 1.75) outside the normal malaria transmission season, coincident with a second local outbreak in Cahuide. The first identification of Anopheles dunhami and Anopheles oswaldoi C in Peru, using molecular markers, is also reported in this study. CONCLUSION: These data underscore the importance of HLC as the most meaningful collection method for measuring vector biology indices in this region. The highest monthly EIR provides additional evidence of seasonal transmission in riverine localities correlated with high river levels, and An. darlingi as the only contributor to transmission. The trend of an increase in outdoor-biting together with early-evening infected mosquitoes may undermine the effectiveness of LLINs as a primary malaria intervention. en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher BioMed Central
dc.relation.ispartofseries Malaria Journal
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject Female en_US
dc.subject Humans en_US
dc.subject Peru/epidemiology en_US
dc.subject Animals en_US
dc.subject Longitudinal Studies en_US
dc.subject Malaria/transmission en_US
dc.subject Anopheles/genetics/physiology en_US
dc.subject Bites and Stings/epidemiology en_US
dc.subject Insect Vectors/genetics/physiology en_US
dc.title Implications for changes in Anopheles darlingi biting behaviour in three communities in the peri-Iquitos region of Amazonian Peru en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-0804-2
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.07
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.08
dc.relation.issn 1475-2875


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