Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: a pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19.2 million participants

Zhao, Dong; Avdicova, Maria; Aris, Tahir; Chiolero, Arnaud; Christensen, Kaare; Schmidt, Ida Maria; Chiou, Shu-Ti; Lanska, Vera; Chaturvedi, Nishi; Cifkova, Renata; Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K.; Santos, Osvaldo; Dhana, Klodian; Mediene-Benchekor, Sounnia; Cheng, Ching-Yu; McNulty, Breige A.; Riboli, Elio; Meirhaeghe, Aline; Zambon, Sabina; Boker, Lital Keinan; Hussieni, Abdullatif S.; Delpeuch, Francis; Kim, Jeongseon; Ostojic, Sergej M.; Topor-Madry, Roman; Bixby, Honor; Zhao, Wenhua; Landrove, Orlando; Price, Jacqueline F.; Chan, Angelique W.; Goldsmith, Rebecca A.; Drygas, Wojciech; Neovius, Martin; Jasienska, Grazyna; Kusuma, Yadlapalli S.; Can, Gunay; Vineis, Paolo; Schargrodsky, Herman; Salomaa, Veikko; Stathopoulou, Maria G.; Gianfagna, Francesco; Santos Silva, Diego Augusto; Bandosz, Piotr; Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B.; Cowan, Melanie J.; Iacoviello, Licia; Franco, Maria do Carmo; Overvad, Kim; Wagner, Aline; Manios, Yannis; Sunyer, Jordi; So, Hung-Kwan; Chamukuttan, Snehalatha; Wang, Qian; Widyahening, Indah S.; Kiyohara, Yutaka; Cabrera de Leon, Antonio; Khalili, Davood; Rao, Sudha Ramachandra; Fuchs, Sandra C.; Pilav, Aida; Nangia, Vinay B.; Jamrozik, Konrad; Foeger, Bernhard; Ghasemian, Anoosheh; Ho, Suzanne C.; Vanuzzo, Diego; Magliano, Dianna J.; Nakamura, Harunobu; Zhou, Bin; Bata, Iqbal; Machi, Suka; Sardinha, Luis B.; Tai, E. Shyong; Djalalinia, Shirin; Forslund, Ann-Sofie; Santos, Diana A.; Blake, Margaret; Breckenkamp, Juergen; Hihtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani; Zheng, Yingfeng; Stavreski, Bill; Sung, Yn-Tz; Shiri, Rahman; Francis, Damian K.; Peters, Annette; Lin, Xu; Gunter, Marc; Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra; Damsgaard, Camilla T.; Elliott, Paul; Pikhart, Hynek; Tolonen, Hanna K.; Bruno, Graziella; Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares; Brian, Garry R.; Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul; Carvalho, Maria J.; Leclercq, Catherine; Vioque, Jesus; Bi, Yufang; Motta, Jorge; Delisle, Helene; Clays, Els; Gupta, Prakash C.; Ferrante, Daniel; Jackson, Rod T.; Key, Timothy; Jafar, Tazeen; Moreira, Leila B.; Padez, Cristina; Sorensen, Thorkild I. A.; Fernanda Lima-Costa, M.; Weerasekera, Deepa; Sun, Chien-An; Furusawa, Takuro; Grafnetter, Dusan; Kulaga, Zbigniew; Miller, Jody C.; Moller, Niels C.; Sibai, Abla M.; Ali, Mohamed M.; Bi, HongSheng; Gates, Louise; Yusof, Safiah Md; Mursu, Jaakko; Wang, Ming-Dong; Krokstad, Steinar; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Felix-Redondo, Francisco J.; Htet, Aung Soe; Luksiene, Dalia; Russo Horimoto, Andrea R. V.; Virtanen, Jyrki K.; Ibrahim, M. Mohsen; Chen, Chien-Jen; Gutzwiller, Felix; Murtagh, Elaine M.; Cho, Yumi; Tchibindat, Felicite; Tshepo, Lechaba; Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F.; Lissner, Lauren; Kratzer, Wolfgang; Wojtyniak, Bogdan; Boissonnet, Carlos P.; Malekzadeh, Reza; Michaelsen, Kim F.; Noto, Davide; Meisinger, Christa; Koziel, Slawomir; Rosario, Angelika Schaffrath; Gu, Dongfeng; Nang, Ei Ei K.; Smeeth, Liam; Lin, Hsien-Ho; Trinh, Oanh T. H.; Mondo, Charles K.; Concin, Hans; Neuhauser, Hannelore K.; Eriksen, Louise; Malhotra, Rahul; Laugsand, Lars E.; Iwasaki, Masanori; Ferrari, Marika; Peykari, Niloofar; Wannamethee, S. Goya; Grujic, Vera; Dallongeville, Jean; Bovet, Pascal; Frontera, Guillermo; Bennett, James E.; Guo, Yin; Nankap, Martin; Nenko, Ilona; Benet, Mikhail; Lam, Tai Hing; Markey, Oonagh; Hobbs, Michael; Parnell, Winsome R.; Cameron, Christine; Raitakari, Olli; Palloni, Alberto; Sarrafzadegan, Nizal; Kula, Krzysztof; Batista, Rosangela L.; Foo, Leng Huat; Strufaldi, Maria Wany; Rosengren, Annika; Savva, Savvas C.; Cooper, Rachel; Guerrero, Ramiro; Kromhout, Daan; Scazufca, Marcia; Adams, Robert; Rahman, Mahmudur; Ritti-Dias, Raphael M.; Jerome, Charles Sossa; Sachdev, Harshpal S.; Lunet, Nuno; Parsaeian, Mahboubeh; Bettiol, Heloisa; Deev, Alexander D.; Crujeiras, Ana B.; Pajak, Andrzej; Stratton, Gareth; Thijs, Lutgarde; Ulmer, Hanno; Rui, Ornelas; Manzato, Enzo; Poh, Bee Koon; Veronesi, Giovanni; Maria Navarrete-Munoz, Eva; Koskinen, Seppo; Jonas, Jost B.; Doua, Kouamelan; Wiecek, Andrzej; Paciorek, Christopher J.; Babu, Bontha V.; Fischer, Krista; Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd; Sy, Rody G.; Barros, Mauro V.; Bugge, Anna; Guan, Ong Peng; Gaciong, Zbigniew; Wareham, Nicholas; Andrade, Dolores S.; Kolsteren, Patrick; Lee, Jeonghee; Matsha, Tandi E.; Murphy, Neil; Romaguera, Dora; Mostafa, Aya; Whincup, Peter H.; Panza, Francesco; Santos, Rute; Soumare, Aicha; Senbanjo, Idowu O.; Poulimeneas, Dimitrios; Morgan, Karen; Qasrawi, Radwan F.; Hajifathalian, Kaveh; Fujita, Yuki; Anselmo Olinto, Maria Teresa; Minh, Hoang Van; Yusoff, Ahmad F.; Hamid, Zargar Abdul; Sandjaja; Abdeen, Ziad A.; Donfrancesco, Chiara; Bhargava, Santosh K.; Tzotzas, Themistoklis; Gonzalez Gross, Marcela; De Smedt, Delphine; Rodriguez-Villamizar, Laura A.; De Backer, Guy; d'Orsi, Eleonora; Hofman, Albert; Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M.; Stoeckl, Doris; Amouyel, Philippe; Thuesen, Betina H.; Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo; Hu, Yonghua; Monterrubio, Eric A.; Ikeda, Nayu; Wu, JianFeng; Willeit, Johann; Hayes, Alison J.; Norat, Teresa; Kaur, Prabhdeep; Turley, Maria L.; Htay, Thein Thein; Jacobs, Jeremy M.; Dankner, Rachel; Nguyen, Quang Ngoc; Sobngwi, Eugene; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Francisco Miquel, Juan; Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando; Hwalla, Nahla; Huybrechts, Inge; Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel; Barbagallo, Carlo M.; del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, Maria; Rouse, Ian; Verschuren, W. M. Monique; Bernotiene, Gailute; Zhou, Maigeng; Barkat, Amina; Leon-Munoz, Luz M.; Zdrojewski, Tomasz; Simon, Mary; Ekelund, Ulf; Shibuya, Kenji; Voutilainen, Sari; Pednekar, Mangesh S.; Assah, Felix K.; Radic, Ivana; Xu, Haiquan; Laatikainen, Tiina; Guessous, Idris; Rutkowski, Marcin; Rampal, Sanjay; Ruehli, Frank J.; Braeckman, Lutgart; Rivera, Juan A.; Saidi, Olfa; Ferguson, Trevor S.; -Iversen, Sidsel Graff; Lundqvist, Annamari; D'Arrigo, Graziella; Rao, Kodavanti Mallikharjuna; Molnar, Denes; Fernandez-Berges, Daniel; Juresa, Vesna; Batieha, Anwar M.; Kafatos, Anthony; Arveiler, Dominique; Rubinstein, Adolfo; Visvikis-Siest, Sophie; Namesna, Jana; Misigoj-Durakovic, Marjeta; Grontved, Anders; Olayan, Iman H.; Deepa, Mohan; Engle-Stone, Reina; Nishtar, Sania; Swinburn, Boyd A.; Bongard, Vanina; Sans, Susana; Cottel, Dominique; Younger-Coleman, Novie O.; Peixoto, Sergio Viana; Killewo, Japhet; Chen, Zhengming; Lekhraj, Rampal; Kengne, Andre P.; Stokwiszewski, Jakub; Schutte, Aletta E.; Yamborisut, Uruwan; Ezzati, Majid; Gafencu, Mihai; Zuñiga Cisneros, Julio; Fortmann, Stephen P.; Wong, Jyh Eiin; Wilks, Rainford J.; Brewster, Lizzy M.; Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca; Candido, Ana Paula C.; Huu, Chinh Nguyen; Soderberg, Stefan; Saum, Kai-Uwe; Pitakaka, Freda; Piwonska, Aleksandra; Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth; Shaw, Jonathan E.; Punab, Margus; Vrijheid, Martine; Dehghan, Abbas; Anderssen, Sigmund A.; Escobedo-de la Pena, Jorge; Keil, Ulrich; Erem, Cihangir; Salvetti, Massimo; Beaglehole, Robert; Halkjaer, Jytte; Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon Wan; Kyobutungi, Catherine; Miranda, J. Jaime; Yan, Weili; Ochoa-Aviles, Angelica M.; Salonen, Jukka T.; Bentham, James; Htike, Maung Maung Than; Mbanya, Jean Claude N.; Liu, Jing; Moschonis, George; Caserta, Carmelo A.; Grodzicki, Tomasz; Mohan, Viswanathan; Pham, Son Thai; Sabanayagam, Charumathi; Jurak, Gregor; Martin-Prevel, Yves; Bobak, Martin; Sonestedt, Emily; Mortensen, Erik Lykke; Muiesan, Maria Lorenza; Chaturvedi, Himanshu K.; Fouad, Heba M.; Lappas, Georg; Ye, Xingwang; Craig, Cora L.; Hernandez Cadena, Leticia; Pereira, Alexandre C.; Ortiz, Ana P.; Horta, Bernardo L.; Lytsy, Per; Prashant, Mathur; Mendes, Larissa L.; Mohamed, Mostafa K.; Mohammad, Kazem; Danaei, Goodarz; Dauchet, Luc; Tammesoo, Mari-Liis; Ben Romdhane, Habiba; Boddy, Lynne M.; Bonet Gorbea, Mariano; Aekplakorn, Wichai; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Perez, Cynthia M.; Taylor, Anne; Zeng, Yi; Dobson, Annette J.; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Erasmus, Rajiv T.; Bao, Khanh Le Nguyen; Robitaille, Cynthia; Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin; Stein, Aryeh D.; Do, Ha T. P.; Doering, Angela; Pilotto, Lorenza; Chetrit, Angela; Balakrishna, Nagalla; Steene-Johannessen, Jostein; Laxmaiah, Avula; He, Jiang; Juolevi, Anne; Shalnova, Svetlana A.; Otero, Johanna A.; Mikkel, Kairit; Lim, Wei-Yen; Stocks, Tanja; Heshmat, Ramin; Sjostrom, Michael; Walton, Janette; Bjertness, Marius B.; Yang, Xiaoguang; Costanzo, Simona; Boeing, Heiner; Kelishadi, Roya; Bjorkelund, Cecilia; Mazur, Artur; Ronkainen, Kimmo; Ramke, Jacqueline; Mu, Thet Thet; McGarvey, Stephen T.; Ma, Guansheng; Klimont, Jeannette; Mohammadifard, Noushin; Capuano, Vincenzo; Ramos, Rafel; Monterubio Flores, Eric; Oltarzewski, Maciej; Al Nsour, Mohannad; Musa, Kamarul Imran; Maggi, Stefania; Ning, Guang; Chirita-Emandi, Adela; Salanave, Benoit; Radisauskas, Ricardas; Starc, Gregor; Musil, Vera; Fortunato, Lea; Soric, Maroje; Noale, Marianna; Yoshihara, Akihiro; Palli, Domenico; Zhu, Dan; Lehtimaki, Terho; Laid, Youcef; Marrugat, Jaume; Portegies, Marileen L. P.; Mueller-Nurasyid, Martina; Banegas, Jose R.; Nervi, Flavio; Nguyen, Nguyen D.; Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K.; Giovannelli, Jonathan; Ho, Sai Yin; Moreno, Luis A.; Casanueva, Felipe F.; Viet, Lucie; Pradeepa, Rajendra; Kiechl, Stefan; Riley, Leanne M.; Khang, Young-Ho; Li, Yanping; Giampaoli, Simona; Jamil, Kazi M.; Mensink, Gert B. M.; Khaw, Kay-Tee H.; Ordunez, Pedro; Faeh, David; Nagel, Gabriele; Tynelius, Per; Gulliford, Martin C.; Giwercman, Aleksander; Salazar Martinez, Eduardo; Kasaeian, Amir; Tang, Line; Johansson, Mattias; Guimaraes, Andre L.; Lachat, Carl; Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; El Ati, Jalila; Iannone, Anna G.; Jiang, Chao Qiang; Coppinger, Tara C.; Diaz, Alejandro; Silva, Antonio M.; Khouw, Ilse M. S. L.; Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw; Stehle, Peter; Wong, Tien Yin; Lotufo, Paulo A.; Chudek, Jerzy; Franco, Oscar H.; Houti, Leila; Gareta, Dickman; Tolstrup, Janne S.; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as); Gasull, Magda; Chen, Shuohua; Ramachandran, Ambady; Tanser, Frank; McLachlan, Stela; Pigeot, Iris; Meshram, Indrapal I.; dos Santos, Renata Nunes; Gruden, Grabriella; Solfrizzi, Vincenzo; Tang, Xun; You, Qi Sheng; McKee, Martin; Jaime Miranda, J.; Chen, Fangfang; Anjana, Ranjit Mohan; Simons, Leon A.; Mi, Jie; Di Cesare, Mariachiara; Stessman, Jochanan; De Bacquer, Dirk; Makdisse, Marcia; Chan, Queenie; Simons, Judith; Korrovits, Paul; Marques-Vidal, Pedro; Traissac, Pierre; Geleijnse, Johanna M.; Burns, Con; Hardy, Rebecca; Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra; Staub, Kaspar; Fall, Caroline H.; Tarp, Jakob; Mota, Jorge; Grajda, Aneta; Woodward, Mark; Ahmadvand, Alireza; Garnett, Sarah P.; Gaspoz, Jean-Michel; Kumar, Rachakulla Hari; Osmond, Clive; Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar; Brajkovich, Imperia; Cacciottolo, Joseph; Ariansen, Inger; Oh, Kyungwon; Bharadwaj, Sumit; Ferreccio, Catterina; Fuchs, Flavio D.; Mossakowska, Malgorzata; Irazola, Vilma E.; Zimmermann, Esther; Szponar, Lucjan; Rasmussen, Finn; Omar, Mohd A.; Ribeiro, Robespierre; Stevens, Gretchen A.; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Martorell, Reynaldo; Wade, Alisha N.; Bo, Simona; Staessen, Jan A.; Ueda, Peter; Xu, Liang; Viegi, Giovanni; Laamiri, Fatima Zahra; Kapantais, Efthymios; Arlappa, Nimmathota; de Gaetano, Giovanni; Mann, Jim I.; Kavousi, Maryam; Kemper, Han H. C. G.; Brenner, Hermann; Margozzini, Paula; Vale, Susana; Bhatti, Zaid; Eugenio Lozano, Jose; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.; Tamosiunas, Abdonas; Tuomilehto, Jaakko; Metspalu, Andres; Qorbani, Mostafa; Ferrieres, Jean; Jorgensen, Torben; Taddei, Cristina; Cama, Tilema; Plans-Rubio, Pedro; NCD Risk Factor Collaboration; Woo, Jean; Trivedi, Atul; Kumar, R. Krishna; Kruger, Herculina S.; Wang, Ya Xing; Barcelo, Alberto; Schienkiewitz, Anja; Guo, Xiu H.; Katz, Joanne; Gurzkowska, Beata; Evans, Alun; Onat, Altan; Lu, Yuan; Masoodi, Shariq R.; Cooper, Cyrus; Gregor, Ronald D.; Morejon, Alain; Puiu, Maria; Ikram, M. Arfan; Sein, Aye Aye; Boehm, Bernhard O.; Topbas, Murat; Widhalm, Kurt; Torrent, Maties; Amuzu, Antoinette; Peeters, Petra H.; Bragt, Marjolijn C. 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M.; Damasceno, Albertino; Lorbeer, Roberto; Schneider, Ione J.; Tzourio, Christophe; Gureje, Oye; Sundstrom, Johan; Vanderschueren, Dirk; Narake, Sameer; Stieber, Jutta; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.; de Wit, Tobias Floris Rinke; Le, Tuyen D.; Litwin, Mieczyslaw; Osler, Merete; Valdivia, Gonzalo; Ahrens, Wolfgang; Joffres, Michel; Cowell, Chris; Zainuddin, Ahmad A.; Finn, Joseph D.; Grammatikopoulou, Maria G.; Claessens, Frank; Redon, Josep; Kouda, Katsuyasu; Tao, Yong; Blokstra, Anneke; Viikari-Juntura, Eira; De Henauw, Stefaan; Pistelli, Francesco; Piwonski, Jerzy; Casas, Juan-Pablo; Gottrand, Frederic; Bjerregaard, Peter; Yiallouros, Panayiotis K.; Azizi, Fereidoun; Islam, Muhammad; Menezes, Ana Maria B.; Farzadfar, Farshad; Siantar, Rosalynn; Ukoli, Flora A. 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dc.contributor.author	Di Cesare, Mariachiara
dc.contributor.author	Bentham, James
dc.contributor.author	Stevens, Gretchen A.
dc.contributor.author	Zhou, Bin
dc.contributor.author	Danaei, Goodarz
dc.contributor.author	Lu, Yuan
dc.contributor.author	Bixby, Honor
dc.contributor.author	Cowan, Melanie J.
dc.contributor.author	Riley, Leanne M.
dc.contributor.author	Hajifathalian, Kaveh
dc.contributor.author	Fortunato, Lea
dc.contributor.author	Taddei, Cristina
dc.contributor.author	Bennett, James E.
dc.contributor.author	Ikeda, Nayu
dc.contributor.author	Khang, Young-Ho
dc.contributor.author	Kyobutungi, Catherine
dc.contributor.author	Laxmaiah, Avula
dc.contributor.author	Li, Yanping
dc.contributor.author	Lin, Hsien-Ho
dc.contributor.author	Miranda, J. Jaime
dc.contributor.author	Mostafa, Aya
dc.contributor.author	Turley, Maria L.
dc.contributor.author	Paciorek, Christopher J.
dc.contributor.author	Gunter, Marc
dc.contributor.author	Ezzati, Majid
dc.contributor.author	Abdeen, Ziad A.
dc.contributor.author	Hamid, Zargar Abdul
dc.contributor.author	Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.
dc.contributor.author	Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin
dc.contributor.author	Adams, Robert
dc.contributor.author	Aekplakorn, Wichai
dc.contributor.author	Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.
dc.contributor.author	Ahmadvand, Alireza
dc.contributor.author	Ahrens, Wolfgang
dc.contributor.author	Ali, Mohamed M.
dc.contributor.author	Alkerwi, Ala'a
dc.contributor.author	Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar
dc.contributor.author	Aly, Eman
dc.contributor.author	Amouyel, Philippe
dc.contributor.author	Amuzu, Antoinette
dc.contributor.author	Andersen, Lars Bo
dc.contributor.author	Anderssen, Sigmund A.
dc.contributor.author	Andrade, Dolores S.
dc.contributor.author	Anjana, Ranjit Mohan
dc.contributor.author	Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer
dc.contributor.author	Ariansen, Inger
dc.contributor.author	Aris, Tahir
dc.contributor.author	Arlappa, Nimmathota
dc.contributor.author	Arveiler, Dominique
dc.contributor.author	Assah, Felix K.
dc.contributor.author	Avdicova, Maria
dc.contributor.author	Azizi, Fereidoun
dc.contributor.author	Babu, Bontha V.
dc.contributor.author	Balakrishna, Nagalla
dc.contributor.author	Bandosz, Piotr
dc.contributor.author	Banegas, Jose R.
dc.contributor.author	Barbagallo, Carlo M.
dc.contributor.author	Barcelo, Alberto
dc.contributor.author	Barkat, Amina
dc.contributor.author	Barros, Mauro V.
dc.contributor.author	Bata, Iqbal
dc.contributor.author	Batieha, Anwar M.
dc.contributor.author	Batista, Rosangela L.
dc.contributor.author	Baur, Louise A.
dc.contributor.author	Beaglehole, Robert
dc.contributor.author	Ben Romdhane, Habiba
dc.contributor.author	Benet, Mikhail
dc.contributor.author	Bernabé Ortiz, Antonio
dc.contributor.author	Bernotiene, Gailute
dc.contributor.author	Bettiol, Heloisa
dc.contributor.author	Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor
dc.contributor.author	Bharadwaj, Sumit
dc.contributor.author	Bhargava, Santosh K.
dc.contributor.author	Bhatti, Zaid
dc.contributor.author	Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
dc.contributor.author	Bi, HongSheng
dc.contributor.author	Bi, Yufang
dc.contributor.author	Bjerregaard, Peter
dc.contributor.author	Bjertness, Espen
dc.contributor.author	Bjertness, Marius B.
dc.contributor.author	Bjorkelund, Cecilia
dc.contributor.author	Blake, Margaret
dc.contributor.author	Blokstra, Anneke
dc.contributor.author	Bo, Simona
dc.contributor.author	Bobak, Martin
dc.contributor.author	Boddy, Lynne M.
dc.contributor.author	Boehm, Bernhard O.
dc.contributor.author	Boeing, Heiner
dc.contributor.author	Boissonnet, Carlos P.
dc.contributor.author	Bongard, Vanina
dc.contributor.author	Bovet, Pascal
dc.contributor.author	Braeckman, Lutgart
dc.contributor.author	Bragt, Marjolijn C. E.
dc.contributor.author	Brajkovich, Imperia
dc.contributor.author	Branca, Francesco
dc.contributor.author	Breckenkamp, Juergen
dc.contributor.author	Brenner, Hermann
dc.contributor.author	Brewster, Lizzy M.
dc.contributor.author	Brian, Garry R.
dc.contributor.author	Bruno, Graziella
dc.contributor.author	Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as)
dc.contributor.author	Bugge, Anna
dc.contributor.author	Burns, Con
dc.contributor.author	Cabrera de Leon, Antonio
dc.contributor.author	Cacciottolo, Joseph
dc.contributor.author	Cama, Tilema
dc.contributor.author	Cameron, Christine
dc.contributor.author	Camolas, Jose
dc.contributor.author	Can, Gunay
dc.contributor.author	Candido, Ana Paula C.
dc.contributor.author	Capuano, Vincenzo
dc.contributor.author	Cardoso, Viviane C.
dc.contributor.author	Carvalho, Maria J.
dc.contributor.author	Casanueva, Felipe F.
dc.contributor.author	Casas, Juan-Pablo
dc.contributor.author	Caserta, Carmelo A.
dc.contributor.author	Castetbon, Katia
dc.contributor.author	Chamukuttan, Snehalatha
dc.contributor.author	Chan, Angelique W.
dc.contributor.author	Chan, Queenie
dc.contributor.author	Chaturvedi, Himanshu K.
dc.contributor.author	Chaturvedi, Nishi
dc.contributor.author	Chen, Chien-Jen
dc.contributor.author	Chen, Fangfang
dc.contributor.author	Chen, Huashuai
dc.contributor.author	Chen, Shuohua
dc.contributor.author	Chen, Zhengming
dc.contributor.author	Cheng, Ching-Yu
dc.contributor.author	Chetrit, Angela
dc.contributor.author	Chiolero, Arnaud
dc.contributor.author	Chiou, Shu-Ti
dc.contributor.author	Chirita-Emandi, Adela
dc.contributor.author	Cho, Yumi
dc.contributor.author	Christensen, Kaare
dc.contributor.author	Chudek, Jerzy
dc.contributor.author	Cifkova, Renata
dc.contributor.author	Claessens, Frank
dc.contributor.author	Clays, Els
dc.contributor.author	Concin, Hans
dc.contributor.author	Cooper, Cyrus
dc.contributor.author	Cooper, Rachel
dc.contributor.author	Coppinger, Tara C.
dc.contributor.author	Costanzo, Simona
dc.contributor.author	Cottel, Dominique
dc.contributor.author	Cowell, Chris
dc.contributor.author	Craig, Cora L.
dc.contributor.author	Crujeiras, Ana B.
dc.contributor.author	D'Arrigo, Graziella
dc.contributor.author	d'Orsi, Eleonora
dc.contributor.author	Dallongeville, Jean
dc.contributor.author	Damasceno, Albertino
dc.contributor.author	Damsgaard, Camilla T.
dc.contributor.author	Danaei, Goodarz
dc.contributor.author	Dankner, Rachel
dc.contributor.author	Dauchet, Luc
dc.contributor.author	De Backer, Guy
dc.contributor.author	De Bacquer, Dirk
dc.contributor.author	de Gaetano, Giovanni
dc.contributor.author	De Henauw, Stefaan
dc.contributor.author	De Smedt, Delphine
dc.contributor.author	Deepa, Mohan
dc.contributor.author	Deev, Alexander D.
dc.contributor.author	Dehghan, Abbas
dc.contributor.author	Delisle, Helene
dc.contributor.author	Delpeuch, Francis
dc.contributor.author	Dhana, Klodian
dc.contributor.author	Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F.
dc.contributor.author	Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares
dc.contributor.author	Diaz, Alejandro
dc.contributor.author	Djalalinia, Shirin
dc.contributor.author	Do, Ha T. P.
dc.contributor.author	Dobson, Annette J.
dc.contributor.author	Donfrancesco, Chiara
dc.contributor.author	Doering, Angela
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dc.contributor.author	Drygas, Wojciech
dc.contributor.author	Egbagbe, Eruke E.
dc.contributor.author	Eggertsen, Robert
dc.contributor.author	Ekelund, Ulf
dc.contributor.author	El Ati, Jalila
dc.contributor.author	Elliott, Paul
dc.contributor.author	Engle-Stone, Reina
dc.contributor.author	Erasmus, Rajiv T.
dc.contributor.author	Erem, Cihangir
dc.contributor.author	Eriksen, Louise
dc.contributor.author	Escobedo-de la Pena, Jorge
dc.contributor.author	Evans, Alun
dc.contributor.author	Faeh, David
dc.contributor.author	Fall, Caroline H.
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dc.contributor.author	Felix-Redondo, Francisco J.
dc.contributor.author	Ferguson, Trevor S.
dc.contributor.author	Fernandez-Berges, Daniel
dc.contributor.author	Ferrante, Daniel
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dc.contributor.author	Ferreccio, Catterina
dc.contributor.author	Ferrieres, Jean
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dc.contributor.author	Fischer, Krista
dc.contributor.author	Monterubio Flores, Eric
dc.contributor.author	Foeger, Bernhard
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dc.contributor.author	Forslund, Ann-Sofie
dc.contributor.author	Fortmann, Stephen P.
dc.contributor.author	Fouad, Heba M.
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dc.contributor.author	Franco, Oscar H.
dc.contributor.author	Frontera, Guillermo
dc.contributor.author	Fuchs, Flavio D.
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dc.contributor.author	Gareta, Dickman
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dc.contributor.author	Gates, Louise
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dc.contributor.author	Giampaoli, Simona
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dc.contributor.author	Goldsmith, Rebecca A.
dc.contributor.author	Gonzalez Gross, Marcela
dc.contributor.author	Gonzalez Rivas, Juan P.
dc.contributor.author	Bonet Gorbea, Mariano
dc.contributor.author	Gottrand, Frederic
dc.contributor.author	-Iversen, Sidsel Graff
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dc.contributor.author	Grammatikopoulou, Maria G.
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dc.contributor.author	Grujic, Vera
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dc.contributor.author	Guan, Ong Peng
dc.contributor.author	Gudnason, Vilmundur
dc.contributor.author	Guerrero, Ramiro
dc.contributor.author	Guessous, Idris
dc.contributor.author	Guimaraes, Andre L.
dc.contributor.author	Gulliford, Martin C.
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dc.contributor.author	Guo, Yin
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dc.contributor.author	Gutierrez, Laura
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dc.contributor.author	Hussieni, Abdullatif S.
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dc.contributor.author	Tzourio, Christophe
dc.contributor.author	Ueda, Peter
dc.contributor.author	Ukoli, Flora A. M.
dc.contributor.author	Ulmer, Hanno
dc.contributor.author	Unal, Belgin
dc.contributor.author	Valdivia, Gonzalo
dc.contributor.author	Vale, Susana
dc.contributor.author	Valvi, Damaskini
dc.contributor.author	van der Schouw, Yvonne T.
dc.contributor.author	Van Herck, Koen
dc.contributor.author	Minh, Hoang Van
dc.contributor.author	van Valkengoed, Irene G. M.
dc.contributor.author	Vanderschueren, Dirk
dc.contributor.author	Vanuzzo, Diego
dc.contributor.author	Vatten, Lars
dc.contributor.author	Vega, Tomas
dc.contributor.author	Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo
dc.contributor.author	Veronesi, Giovanni
dc.contributor.author	Verschuren, W. M. Monique
dc.contributor.author	Viegi, Giovanni
dc.contributor.author	Viet, Lucie
dc.contributor.author	Viikari-Juntura, Eira
dc.contributor.author	Vineis, Paolo
dc.contributor.author	Vioque, Jesus
dc.contributor.author	Virtanen, Jyrki K.
dc.contributor.author	Visvikis-Siest, Sophie
dc.contributor.author	Viswanathan, Bharathi
dc.contributor.author	Vollenweider, Peter
dc.contributor.author	Voutilainen, Sari
dc.contributor.author	Vrijheid, Martine
dc.contributor.author	Wade, Alisha N.
dc.contributor.author	Wagner, Aline
dc.contributor.author	Walton, Janette
dc.contributor.author	Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon Wan
dc.contributor.author	Wang, Ming-Dong
dc.contributor.author	Wang, Qian
dc.contributor.author	Wang, Ya Xing
dc.contributor.author	Wannamethee, S. Goya
dc.contributor.author	Wareham, Nicholas
dc.contributor.author	Weerasekera, Deepa
dc.contributor.author	Whincup, Peter H.
dc.contributor.author	Widhalm, Kurt
dc.contributor.author	Widyahening, Indah S.
dc.contributor.author	Wiecek, Andrzej
dc.contributor.author	Wilks, Rainford J.
dc.contributor.author	Willeit, Johann
dc.contributor.author	Wojtyniak, Bogdan
dc.contributor.author	Wong, Jyh Eiin
dc.contributor.author	Wong, Tien Yin
dc.contributor.author	Woo, Jean
dc.contributor.author	Woodward, Mark
dc.contributor.author	Wu, Frederick C.
dc.contributor.author	Wu, JianFeng
dc.contributor.author	Wu, Shou Ling
dc.contributor.author	Xu, Haiquan
dc.contributor.author	Xu, Liang
dc.contributor.author	Yamborisut, Uruwan
dc.contributor.author	Yan, Weili
dc.contributor.author	Yang, Xiaoguang
dc.contributor.author	Yardim, Nazan
dc.contributor.author	Ye, Xingwang
dc.contributor.author	Yiallouros, Panayiotis K.
dc.contributor.author	Yoshihara, Akihiro
dc.contributor.author	You, Qi Sheng
dc.contributor.author	Younger-Coleman, Novie O.
dc.contributor.author	Yusoff, Ahmad F.
dc.contributor.author	Zainuddin, Ahmad A.
dc.contributor.author	Zambon, Sabina
dc.contributor.author	Zdrojewski, Tomasz
dc.contributor.author	Zeng, Yi
dc.contributor.author	Zhao, Dong
dc.contributor.author	Zhao, Wenhua
dc.contributor.author	Zheng, Yingfeng
dc.contributor.author	Zhou, Maigeng
dc.contributor.author	Zhu, Dan
dc.contributor.author	Zimmermann, Esther
dc.contributor.author	Zuñiga Cisneros, Julio
dc.contributor.author	NCD Risk Factor Collaboration
dc.date.accessioned	2019-02-22T14:54:07Z
dc.date.available	2019-02-22T14:54:07Z
dc.date.issued	2016
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/5629
dc.description.abstract	Background: Underweight and severe and morbid obesity are associated with highly elevated risks of adverse health outcomes. We estimated trends in mean body-mass index (BMI), which characterises its population distribution, and in the prevalences of a complete set of BMI categories for adults in all countries. Methods: We analysed, with use of a consistent protocol, population-based studies that had measured height and weight in adults aged 18 years and older. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to these data to estimate trends from 1975 to 2014 in mean BMI and in the prevalences of BMI categories (<18.5 kg/m(2) [underweight], 18.5 kg/m(2) to <20 kg/m(2), 20 kg/m(2) to <25 kg/m(2), 25 kg/m(2) to <30 kg/m(2), 30 kg/m(2) to <35 kg/m(2), 35 kg/m(2) to <40 kg/m(2), = 40 kg/m(2) [morbid obesity]), by sex in 200 countries and territories, organised in 21 regions. We calculated the posterior probability of meeting the target of halting by 2025 the rise in obesity at its 2010 levels, if post-2000 trends continue. Findings: We used 1698 population-based data sources, with more than 19.2 million adult participants (9.9 million men and 9.3 million women) in 186 of 200 countries for which estimates were made. Global age-standardised mean BMI increased from 21.7 kg/m(2) (95% credible interval 21.3-22.1) in 1975 to 24.2 kg/m(2) (24.0-24.4) in 2014 in men, and from 22.1 kg/m(2) (21.7-22.5) in 1975 to 24.4 kg/m(2) (24.2-24.6) in 2014 in women. Regional mean BMIs in 2014 for men ranged from 21.4 kg/m(2) in central Africa and south Asia to 29.2 kg/m(2) (28.6-29.8) in Polynesia and Micronesia; for women the range was from 21.8 kg/m(2) (21.4-22.3) in south Asia to 32.2 kg/m(2) (31.5-32.8) in Polynesia and Micronesia. Over these four decades, age-standardised global prevalence of underweight decreased from 13.8% (10.5-17.4) to 8.8% (7.4-10.3) in men and from 14.6% (11.6-17.9) to 9.7% (8.3-11.1) in women. South Asia had the highest prevalence of underweight in 2014, 23.4% (17.8-29.2) in men and 24.0% (18.9-29.3) in women. Age-standardised prevalence of obesity increased from 3.2% (2.4-4.1) in 1975 to 10.8% (9.7-12.0) in 2014 in men, and from 6.4% (5.1-7.8) to 14.9% (13.6-16.1) in women. 2.3% (2.0-2.7) of the world's men and 5.0% (4.4-5.6) of women were severely obese (ie, have BMI = 35 kg/m(2)). Globally, prevalence of morbid obesity was 0.64% (0.46-0.86) in men and 1.6% (1.3-1.9) in women. Interpretation: If post-2000 trends continue, the probability of meeting the global obesity target is virtually zero. Rather, if these trends continue, by 2025, global obesity prevalence will reach 18% in men and surpass 21% in women; severe obesity will surpass 6% in men and 9% in women. Nonetheless, underweight remains prevalent in the world's poorest regions, especially in south Asia.	en_US
dc.language.iso	eng
dc.publisher	Elsevier
dc.relation.ispartofseries	Lancet
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject	adult body-mass	en_US
dc.subject	pooled analysis	en_US
dc.title	Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: a pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19.2 million participants	en_US
dc.type	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30054-X
dc.subject.ocde	https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.00
dc.relation.issn	1474-547X

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E.; Solfrizzi, Vincenzo; Sonestedt, Emily; Song, Yi; Sorensen, Thorkild I. A.; Soric, Maroje; Jerome, Charles Sossa; Soumare, Aicha; Staessen, Jan A.; Starc, Gregor; Stathopoulou, Maria G.; Staub, Kaspar; Stavreski, Bill; Steene-Johannessen, Jostein; Stehle, Peter; Stein, Aryeh D.; Stergiou, George S.; Stessman, Jochanan; Stieber, Jutta; Stoeckl, Doris; Stocks, Tanja; Stokwiszewski, Jakub; Stratton, Gareth; Stronks, Karien; Strufaldi, Maria Wany; Sun, Chien-An; Sundstroem, Johan; Sung, Yn-Tz; Sunyer, Jordi; Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul; Swinburn, Boyd A.; Sy, Rody G.; Szponar, Lucjan; Tai, E. Shyong; Tammesoo, Mari-Liis; Tamosiunas, Abdonas; Tang, Line; Tang, Xun; Tanser, Frank; Tao, Yong; Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul; Tarp, Jakob; Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B.; Taylor, Anne; Tchibindat, Felicite; Theobald, Holger; Thijs, Lutgarde; Thuesen, Betina H.; Tjonneland, Anne; Tolonen, Hanna K.; Tolstrup, Janne S.; Topbas, Murat; Topor-Madry, Roman; Torrent, Maties; Toselli, Stefania; Traissac, Pierre; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Trinh, Oanh T. H.; Trivedi, Atul; Tshepo, Lechaba; Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K.; Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka; Tuomilehto, Jaakko; Turley, Maria L.; Tynelius, Per; Tzotzas, Themistoklis; Tzourio, Christophe; Ueda, Peter; Ukoli, Flora A. M.; Ulmer, Hanno; Unal, Belgin; Uusitalo, Hannu M. T.; Valdivia, Gonzalo; Vale, Susana; Valvi, Damaskini; van der Schouw, Yvonne T.; Van Herck, Koen; Minh, Hoang Van; van Rossem, Lenie; van Valkengoed, Irene G. M.; Vanderschueren, Dirk; Vanuzzo, Diego; Vatten, Lars; Vega, Tomas; Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo; Veronesi, Giovanni; Verschuren, W. M. Monique; Verstraeten, Roosmarijn; Victora, Cesar G.; Viegi, Giovanni; Viet, Lucie; Viikari-Juntura, Eira; Vineis, Paolo; Vioque, Jesus; Virtanen, Jyrki K.; Visvikis-Siest, Sophie; Viswanathan, Bharathi; Vollenweider, Peter; Voutilainen, Sari; Vrdoljak, Ana; Vrijheid, Martine; Wade, Alisha N.; Wagner, Aline; Walton, Janette; Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon Wan; Wang, Ming-Dong; Wang, Qian; Wang, Ya Xing; Wannamethee, S. Goya; Wareham, Nicholas; Weerasekera, Deepa; Whincup, Peter H.; Widhalm, Kurt; Widyahening, Indah S.; Wiecek, Andrzej; Wijga, Alet H.; Wilks, Rainford J.; Willeit, Johann; Wilsgaard, Tom; Wojtyniak, Bogdan; Wong, Jyh Eiin; Wong, Tien Yin; Woo, Jean; Woodward, Mark; Wu, Frederick C.; Wu, Jianfeng; Wu, Shou Ling; Xu, Haiquan; Xu, Liang; Yamborisut, Uruwan; Yan, Weili; Yang, Xiaoguang; Yardim, Nazan; Ye, Xingwang; Yiallouros, Panayiotis K.; Yoshihara, Akihiro; You, Qi Sheng; Younger-Coleman, Novie O.; Yusoff, Ahmad F.; Zainuddin, Ahmad A.; Zambon, Sabina; Zdrojewski, Tomasz; Zeng, Yi; Zhao, Dong; Zhao, Wenhua; Zheng, Yingfeng; Zhou, Maigeng; Zhu, Dan; Zimmermann, Esther; Cisneros, Julio Zuniga; NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (eLife Sciences Publications, 2016)

Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height ...
Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4.4 million participants

Zhou, Bin; Lu, Yuan; Hajifathalian, Kaveh; Bentham, James; Di Cesare, Mariachiara; Danaei, Goodarz; Bixby, Honor; Cowan, Melanie J.; Ali, Mohammed K.; Taddei, Cristina; Lo, Wei-Cheng; Reis-Santos, Barbara; Stevens, Gretchen A.; Riley, Leanne M.; Miranda, J. Jaime; Bjerregaard, Peter; Rivera, Juan A.; Fouad, Heba M.; Ma, Guansheng; Mbanya, Jean Claude N.; McGarvey, Stephen T.; Mohan, Viswanathan; Onat, Altan; Ramachandran, Ambady; Ben Romdhane, Habiba; Paciorek, Christopher J.; Bennett, James E.; Ezzati, Majid; Abdeen, Ziad A.; Kadir, Khalid Abdul; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.; Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin; Adams, Robert; Aekplakorn, Wichai; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.; Agyemang, Charles; Ahmadvand, Alireza; Al-Othman, Amani Rashed; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Amouyel, Philippe; Amuzu, Antoinette; Andersen, Lars Bo; Anderssen, Sigmund A.; Anjana, Ranjit Mohan; Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer; Aris, Tahir; Arlappa, Nimmathota; Arveiler, Dominique; Assah, Felix K.; Avdicova, Maria; Azizi, Fereidoun; Balakrishna, Nagalla; Bandosz, Piotr; Barbagallo, Carlo M.; Barcelo, Alberto; Batieha, Anwar M.; Baur, Louise A.; Ben Romdhane, Habiba; Benet, Mikhail; Bernabé Ortiz, Antonio; Bharadwaj, Sumit; Bhargava, Santosh K.; Bi, Yufang; Bjerregaard, Peter; Bjertness, Espen; Bjertness, Marius B.; Bjorkelund, Cecilia; Blokstra, Anneke; Bo, Simona; Boehm, Bernhard O.; Boissonnet, Carlos P.; Bovet, Pascal; Brajkovich, Imperia; Breckenkamp, Juergen; Brenner, Hermann; Brewster, Lizzy M.; Brian, Garry R.; Bruno, Graziella; Bugge, Anna; Cabrera de Leon, Antonio; Can, Gunay; Candido, Ana Paula C.; Capuano, Vincenzo; Carlsson, Axel C.; Carvalho, Maria J.; Casanueva, Felipe F.; Casas, Juan-Pablo; Caserta, Carmelo A.; Castetbon, Katia; Chamukuttan, Snehalatha; Chaturvedi, Nishi; Chen, Chien-Jen; Chen, Fangfang; Chen, Shuohua; Cheng, Ching-Yu; Chetrit, Angela; Chiou, Shu-Ti; Cho, Yumi; Chudek, Jerzy; Cifkova, Renata; Claessens, Frank; Concin, Hans; Cooper, Cyrus; Cooper, Rachel; Costanzo, Simona; Cottel, Dominique; Cowell, Chris; Crujeiras, Ana B.; D'Arrigo, Graziella; Dallongeville, Jean; Dankner, Rachel; Dauchet, Luc; de Gaetano, Giovanni; De Henauw, Stefaan; Deepa, Mohan; Dehghan, Abbas; Deschamps, Valerie; Dhana, Klodian; Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F.; Djalalinia, Shirin; Doua, Kouamelan; Drygas, Wojciech; Du, Yong; Dzerve, Vilnis; Egbagbe, Eruke E.; Eggertsen, Robert; El Ati, Jalila; Elosua, Roberto; Erasmus, Rajiv T.; Erem, Cihangir; Ergor, Gul; Eriksen, Louise; Escobedo-de la Pena, Jorge; Fall, Caroline H.; Farzadfar, Farshad; Felix-Redondo, Francisco J.; Ferguson, Trevor S.; Fernandez-Berges, Daniel; Ferrari, Marika; Ferreccio, Catterina; Feskens, Edith J. M.; Finn, Joseph D.; Foeger, Bernhard; Foo, Leng Huat; Forslund, Ann-Sofie; Fouad, Heba M.; Francis, Damian K.; Franco, Maria do Carmo; Franco, Oscar H.; Frontera, Guillermo; Furusawa, Takuro; Gaciong, Zbigniew; Garnett, Sarah P.; Gaspoz, Jean-Michel; Gasull, Magda; Gates, Louise; Geleijnse, Johanna M.; Ghasemian, Anoosheh; Ghimire, Anup; Giampaoli, Simona; Gianfagna, Francesco; Giovannelli, Jonathan; Giwercman, Aleksander; Gonzalez Gross, Marcela; Gonzalez Rivas, Juan P.; Bonet Gorbea, Mariano; Gottrand, Frederic; Grafnetter, Dusan; Grodzicki, Tomasz; Grontved, Anders; Gruden, Grabriella; Gu, Dongfeng; Guan, Ong Peng; Guerrero, Ramiro; Guessous, Idris; Guimaraes, Andre L.; Gutierrez, Laura; Hambleton, Ian R.; Hardy, Rebecca; Kumar, Rachakulla Hari; Hata, Jun; Heidemann, Christin; Herrala, Sauli; Hihtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani; Ho, Sai Yin; Ho, Suzanne C.; Hofman, Albert; Hormiga, Claudia M.; Horta, Bernardo L.; Houti, Leila; Howitt, Christina; Htay, Thein Thein; Htet, Aung Soe; Htike, Maung Maung Than; Htike, Maung Maung Than; Hu, Yang; Hussieni, Abdullatif S.; Huybrechts, Inge; Hwalla, Nahla; Iacoviello, Licia; Iannone, Anna G.; Ibrahim, M. Mohsen; Ikeda, Nayu; Ikram, M. Arfan; Irazola, Vilma E.; Islam, Muhammad; Iwasaki, Masanori; Jacobs, Jeremy M.; Jafar, Tazeen; Jamil, Kazi M.; Jasienska, Grazyna; Jiang, Chao Qiang; Jonas, Jost B.; Joshi, Pradeep; Kafatos, Anthony; Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra; Kasaeian, Amir; Katz, Joanne; Kaur, Prabhdeep; Kavousi, Maryam; Kelishadi, Roya; Kengne, Andre P.; Kersting, Mathilde; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khalili, Davood; Khang, Young-Ho; Kiechl, Stefan; Kim, Jeongseon; Kolsteren, Patrick; Kratzer, Wolfgang; Kromhout, Daan; Kujala, Urho M.; Kula, Krzysztof; Kyobutungi, Catherine; Laatikainen, Tiina; Lachat, Carl; Laid, Youcef; Lam, Tai Hing; Landrove, Orlando; Lanska, Vera; Lappas, Georg; Laxmaiah, Avula; Leclercq, Catherine; Lee, Jeannette; Lee, Jeonghee; Lehtimaki, Terho; Lekhraj, Rampal; Leon-Munoz, Luz M.; Li, Yanping; Lim, Wei-Yen; Fernanda Lima-Costa, M.; Lin, Hsien-Ho; Lin, Xu; Lissner, Lauren; Lorbeer, Roberto; Eugenio Lozano, Jose; Luksiene, Dalia; Lundqvist, Annamari; Lytsy, Per; Ma, Guansheng; Machado-Coelho, George L. L.; Machi, Suka; Maggi, Stefania; Magliano, Dianna J.; Makdisse, Marcia; Rao, Kodavanti Mallikharjuna; Manios, Yannis; Manzato, Enzo; Margozzini, Paula; Marques-Vidal, Pedro; Martorell, Reynaldo; Masoodi, Shariq R.; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Matsha, Tandi E.; Mbanya, Jean Claude N.; McFarlane, Shelly R.; McGarvey, Stephen T.; McLachlan, Stela; McNulty, Breige A.; Mediene-Benchekor, Sounnia; Meirhaeghe, Aline; Menezes, Ana Maria B.; Merat, Shahin; Meshram, Indrapal I.; Mi, Jie; Francisco Miquel, Juan; Miranda, J. Jaime; Mohamed, Mostafa K.; Mohammad, Kazem; Mohammadifard, Noushin; Mohan, Viswanathan; Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd; Moller, Niels C.; Molnar, Denes; Mondo, Charles K.; Morejon, Alain; Moreno, Luis A.; Morgan, Karen; Moschonis, George; Mossakowska, Malgorzata; Mostafa, Aya; Mota, Jorge; Motta, Jorge; Mu, Thet Thet; Muiesan, Maria Lorenza; Mueller-Nurasyid, Martina; Mursu, Jaakko; Nagel, Gabriele; Namesna, Jana; Nang, Ei Ei K.; Nangia, Vinay B.; Maria Navarrete-Munoz, Eva; Ndiaye, Ndeye Coumba; Nenko, Ilona; Nervi, Flavio; Nguyen, Nguyen D.; Nguyen, Quang Ngoc; Nieto-Martinez, Ramfi S. E.; Ning, Guang; Ninomiya, Toshiharu; Noale, Marianna; Noto, Davide; Al Nsour, Mohannad; Ochoa-Aviles, Angelica M.; Oh, Kyungwon; Onat, Altan; Ordunez, Pedro; Osmond, Clive; Otero, Johanna A.; Owusu-Dabo, Ellis; Pahomova, Elena; Palmieri, Luigi; Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra; Panza, Francesco; Parsaeian, Mahboubeh; Peixoto, Sergio Viana; Peltonen, Markku; Peters, Annette; Peykari, Niloofar; Pham, Son Thai; Pilav, Aida; Pitakaka, Freda; Piwonska, Aleksandra; Piwonski, Jerzy; Plans-Rubio, Pedro; Porta, Miquel; Portegies, Marileen L. P.; Poustchi, Hossein; Pradeepa, Rajendra; Price, Jacqueline F.; Punab, Margus; Qasrawi, Radwan F.; Qorbani, Mostafa; Radisauskas, Ricardas; Rahman, Mahmudur; Raitakari, Olli; Rao, Sudha Ramachandra; Ramachandran, Ambady; Ramke, Jacqueline; Ramos, Rafel; Rampal, Sanjay; Rathmann, Wolfgang; Redon, Josep; Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M.; Rigo, Fernando; Robinson, Sian M.; Robitaille, Cynthia; Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando; del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, Maria; Rodriguez-Villamizar, Laura A.; Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba; Ronkainen, Kimmo; Rosengren, Annika; Rubinstein, Adolfo; Rui, Ornelas; Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca; Russo Horimoto, Andrea R. V.; Rutkowski, Marcin; Sabanayagam, Charumathi; Sachdev, Harshpal S.; Saidi, Olfa; Sakarya, Sibel; Salanave, Benoit; Salonen, Jukka T.; Salvetti, Massimo; Sanchez-Abanto, Jose; Santos, Diana; dos Santos, Renata Nunes; Santos, Rute; Saramies, Jouko L.; Sardinha, Luis B.; Sarrafzadegan, Nizal; Saum, Kai-Uwe; Scazufca, Marcia; Schargrodsky, Herman; Scheidt-Nave, Christa; Sein, Aye Aye; Sharma, Sanjb K.; Shaw, Jonathan E.; Shibuya, Kenji; Shin, Youchan; Shiri, Rahman; Siantar, Rosalynn; Sibai, Abla M.; Simon, Mary; Simons, Judith; Simons, Leon A.; Sjostrom, Michael; Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta; Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw; Smeeth, Liam; Snijder, Marieke B.; So, Hung-Kwan; Sobngwi, Eugene; Soderberg, Stefan; Solfrizzi, Vincenzo; Sonestedt, Emily; Soumare, Aicha; Staessen, Jan A.; Stathopoulou, Maria G.; Steene-Johannessen, Jostein; Stehle, Peter; Stein, Aryeh D.; Stessman, Jochanan; Stoeckl, Doris; Stokwiszewski, Jakub; Stronks, Karien; Strufaldi, Maria Wany; Sun, Chien-An; Sundstrom, Johan; Sung, Yn-Tz; Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul; Sy, Rody G.; Tai, E. Shyong; Tamosiunas, Abdonas; Tang, Line; Tarawneh, Mohammed; Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B.; Taylor, Anne; Theobald, Holger; Thijs, Lutgarde; Thuesen, Betina H.; Tolonen, Hanna K.; Tolstrup, Janne S.; Topbas, Murat; Torrent, Maties; Traissac, Pierre; Trinh, Oanh T. H.; Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K.; Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka; Turley, Maria L.; Tzourio, Christophe; Ueda, Peter; Ukoli, Flora A. M.; Ulmer, Hanno; Uusitalo, Hannu M. T.; Valdivia, Gonzalo; Valvi, Damaskini; van Rossem, Lenie; van Valkengoed, Irene G. M.; Vanderschueren, Dirk; Vanuzzo, Diego; Vega, Tomas; Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo; Veronesi, Giovanni; Verschuren, W. M. Monique; Verstraeten, Roosmarijn; Viet, Lucie; Vioque, Jesus; Virtanen, Jyrki K.; Viswanathan, Bharathi; Vollenweider, Peter; Voutilainen, Sari; Vrijheid, Martine; Wade, Alisha N.; Wagner, Aline; Walton, Janette; Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon Wan; Wang, Feng; Wang, Ming-Dong; Wang, Qian; Wang, Ya Xing; Wannamethee, S. Goya; Weerasekera, Deepa; Whincup, Peter H.; Widhalm, Kurt; Wijga, Alet H.; Wilks, Rainford J.; Willeit, Johann; Wilsgaard, Tom; Wojtyniak, Bogdan; Wong, Tien Yin; Woo, Jean; Woodward, Mark; Wu, Frederick C.; Wu, Shou Ling; Xu, Haiquan; Yan, Weili; Yang, Xiaoguang; Ye, Xingwang; Yoshihara, Akihiro; Younger-Coleman, Novie O.; Zambon, Sabina; Zargar, Abdul Hamid; Zdrojewski, Tomasz; Zhao, Wenhua; Zheng, Yingfeng; Zuniga Cisneros, Julio; NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (Elsevier, 2016)

Background: One of the global targets for non-communicable diseases is to halt, by 2025, the rise in the age-standardised adult prevalence of diabetes at its 2010 levels. We aimed to estimate worldwide trends in diabetes, ...
Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents’ growth and development

Mishra, A.; Zhou, B.; Rodriguez-Martinez, A.; Bixby, H.; Singleton, R.K.; Carrillo-Larco, R.M.; Sheffer, K.E.; Paciorek, C.J.; Bennett, J.E.; Lhoste, V.; Iurilli, M.L.C.; Di Cesare, M.; Bentham, J.; Phelps, N.H.; Sophiea, M.K.; Stevens, G.A.; Danaei, G.; Cowan, M.J.; Savin, S.; Riley, L.M.; Gregg, E.W.; Aekplakorn, W.; Ahmad, N.A.; Baker, J.L.; Chirita-Emandi, A.; Farzadfar, F.; Fink, G.; Heinen, M.; Ikeda, N.; Kengne, A.P.; Khang, Y.-H.; Laatikainen, T.; Laxmaiah, A.; Ma, J.; Monroy-Valle, M.; Mridha, M.K.; Padez, C.P.; Reynolds, A.; Sorić, M.; Starc, G.; Wirth, J.P.; Abarca-Gómez, L.; Abdeen, Z.A.; Abdrakhmanova, S.; Ghaffar, S.A.; Abdul Rahim, H.F.; Abdurrahmonova, Z.; Abu-Rmeileh, N.M.; Garba, J.A.; Acosta-Cazares, B.; Adam, I.; Adamczyk, M.; Adams, R.J.; Adu-Afarwuah, S.; Afsana, K.; Afzal, S.; Agbor, V.N.; Agdeppa, I.A.; Aghazadeh-Attari, J.; Aguenaou, H.; Aguilar-Salinas, C.A.; Agyemang, C.; Ahmad, M.H.; Ahmadi, A.; Ahmadi, N.; Ahmadi, N.; Ahmed, I.; Ahmed, S.H.; Ahrens, W.; Aitmurzaeva, G.; Ajlouni, K.; Al-Hazzaa, H.M.; Al-Lahou, B.; Al-Raddadi, R.; Al Hourani, H.M.; Al Qaoud, N.M.; Alarouj, M.; AlBuhairan, F.; AlDhukair, S.; Aldwairji, M.A.; Alexius, S.; Ali, M.M.; Alkandari, A.; Alkerwi, A.; Alkhatib, B.M.; Allin, K.; Alvarez-Pedrerol, M.; Aly, E.; Amarapurkar, D.N.; Etxezarreta, P.A.; Amoah, J.; Amougou, N.; Amouyel, P.; Andersen, L.B.; Anderssen, S.A.; Androutsos, O.; Ängquist, L.; Anjana, R.M.; Ansari-Moghaddam, A.; Anufrieva, E.; Aounallah-Skhiri, H.; Araújo, J.; Ariansen, I.; Aris, T.; Arku, R.E.; Arlappa, N.; Aryal, K.K.; Aseffa, N.; Aspelund, T.; Assah, F.K.; Assembekov, B.; Assunção, M.C.F.; Aung, M.S.; Auvinen, J.; Avdičová, M.; Avi, S.; Azevedo, A.; Azimi-Nezhad, M.; Azizi, F.; Azmin, M.; Babu, B.V.; Jørgensen, M.B.; Baharudin, A.; Bahijri, S.; Bakacs, M.; Balakrishna, N.; Balanova, Y.; Bamoshmoosh, M.; Banach, M.; Banegas, J.R.; Baran, J.; Baran, R.; Barbagallo, C.M.; Filho, V.B.; Barceló, A.; Baretić, M.; Barkat, A.; Barnoya, J.; Barrera, L.; Barreto, M.; Barros, A.J.D.; Barros, M.V.G.; Bartosiewicz, A.; Basit, A.; Bastos, J.L.D.; Bata, I.; Batieha, A.M.; Batista, A.P.; Batista, R.L.; Battakova, Z.; Baur, L.A.; Bayauli, P.M.; Beaglehole, R.; Bel-Serrat, S.; Belavendra, A.; Ben Romdhane, H.; Benedics, J.; Benet, M.; Rolandi, G.E.B.; Bere, E.; Bergh, I.H.; Berhane, Y.; Berkinbayev, S.; Bernabé Ortiz, Antonio; Bernotiene, G.; Carrasola, X.B.; Bettiol, H.; Beutel, M.E.; Beybey, A.F.; Bezerra, J.; Bhagyalaxmi, A.; Bharadwaj, S.; Bhargava, S.K.; Bi, H.; Bi, Y.; Bia, D.; Biasch, K.; Lele, E.C.B.; Bikbov, M.M.; Bista, B.; Bjelica, D.J.; Bjerregaard, A.A.; Bjerregaard, P.; Bjertness, E.; Bjertness, M.B.; Björkelund, C.; Bloch, K.V.; Blokstra, A.; Magnazu, M.B.; Bo, S.; Bobak, M.; Boddy, L.M.; Boehm, B.O.; Boer, J.M.A.; Boggia, J.G.; Bogova, E.; Boissonnet, C.P.; Bojesen, S.E.; Bonaccio, M.; Bongard, V.; Bonilla-Vargas, A.; Bopp, M.; Borghs, H.; Bovet, P.; Boymatova, K.; Braeckevelt, L.; Braeckman, L.; Bragt, M.C.E.; Brajkovich, I.; Branca, F.; Breckenkamp, J.; Breda, J.; Brenner, H.; Brewster, L.M.; Brian, G.R.; Briceño, Y.; Brinduse, L.; Brito, M.; Brophy, S.; Brug, J.; Bruno, G.; Bugge, A.; Buntinx, F.; Buoncristiano, M.; Burazeri, G.; Burns, C.; de León, A.C.; Cacciottolo, J.; Cai, H.; Caixeta, R.B.; Cama, T.; Cameron, C.; Camolas, J.; Can, G.; Cândido, A.P.C.; Cañete, F.; Capanzana, M.V.; Čapková, N.; Capuano, E.; Capuano, R.; Capuano, V.; Cardol, M.; Cardoso, V.C.; Carlsson, A.C.; Carmuega, E.; Carvalho, J.; Casajús, J.A.; Casanueva, F.F.; Casas, M.; Celikcan, E.; Censi, L.; Cervantes‐Loaiza, M.; Cesar, J.A.; Chamukuttan, S.; Chan, A.; Chan, Q.; Chaturvedi, H.K.; Chaturvedi, N.; Rahim, N.C.A.; Chee, M.L.; Chen, C.-J.; Chen, F.; Chen, H.; Chen, S.; Chen, Z.; Cheng, C.-Y.; Cheng, Y.J.; Cheraghian, B.; Chetrit, A.; Chikova-Iscener, E.; Chinapaw, M.J.M.; Chinnock, A.; Chiolero, A.; Chiou, S.-T.; Chirlaque, M.-D.; Cho, B.; Christensen, K.; Christofaro, D.G.; Chudek, J.; Cifkova, R.; Cilia, M.; Cinteza, E.; Cirillo, M.; Claessens, F.; Clarke, J.; Clays, E.; Cohen, E.; Compañ-Gabucio, L.-M.; Concin, H.; Confortin, S.C.; Cooper, C.; Coppinger, T.C.; Corpeleijn, E.; Cortés, L.Y.; Costanzo, S.; Cottel, D.; Cowell, C.; Craig, C.L.; Crampin, A.C.; Cross, A.J.; Crujeiras, A.B.; Cruz, J.J.; Csányi, T.; Csilla, S.; Cucu, A.M.; Cui, L.; Cureau, F.V.; Cuschieri, S.; Czenczek-Lewandowska, E.; D’Arrigo, G.; d’Orsi, E.; Dacica, L.; Dallongeville, J.; Damasceno, A.; Damsgaard, C.T.; Dankner, R.; Dantoft, T.M.; Dasgupta, P.; Dastgiri, S.; Dauchet, L.; Davletov, K.; de Assis, M.A.A.; De Backer, G.; De Bacquer, D.; De Curtis, A.; de Fragas Hinnig, P.; de Gaetano, G.; De Henauw, S.; De Miguel-Etayo, P.; de Oliveira, P.D.; De Ridder, D.; De Ridder, K.; de Rooij, S.R.; De Smedt, D.; Deepa, M.; Deev, A.D.; DeGennaro, V., Jr; Delisle, H.; Delpeuch, F.; Demarest, S.; Dennison, E.; Dereń, K.; Deschamps, V.; Dhimal, M.; Di Castelnuovo, A.; Dias-da-Costa, J.S.; Díaz-Sánchez, M.E.; Diaz, A.; Fernández, P.D.; Ripollés, M.P.D.; Dika, Z.; Djalalinia, S.; Djordjic, V.; Do, H.T.P.; Dobson, A.J.; Dominguez, L.; Donati, M.B.; Donfrancesco, C.; Dong, G.; Dong, Y.; Donoso, S.P.; Döring, A.; Dorobantu, M.; Dorosty, A.R.; Doua, K.; Dragano, N.; Drygas, W.; Duan, J.L.; Duante, C.A.; Duboz, P.; Duleva, V.L.; Dulskiene, V.; Dumith, S.C.; Dushpanova, A.; Dyussupova, A.; Dzerve, V.; Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E.; Echeverría, G.; Eddie, R.; Eftekhar, E.; Egbagbe, E.E.; Eggertsen, R.; Eghtesad, S.; Eiben, G.; Ekelund, U.; El-Khateeb, M.; El Ammari, L.; El Ati, J.; Eldemire-Shearer, D.; Eliasen, M.; Elliott, P.; Endevelt, R.; Engle-Stone, R.; Erasmus, R.T.; Erbel, R.; Erem, C.; Ergor, G.; Eriksen, L.; Eriksson, J.G.; Escobedo-de la Peña, J.; Eslami, S.; Esmaeili, A.; Evans, A.; Faeh, D.; Fakhradiyev, I.; Fakhretdinova, A.A.; Fall, C.H.; Faramarzi, E.; Farjam, M.; Sant’Angelo, V.F.; Fattahi, M.R.; Fawwad, A.; Fawzi, W.W.; Feigl, E.; Felix-Redondo, F.J.; Ferguson, T.S.; Fernandes, R.A.; Fernández-Bergés, D.; Ferrante, D.; Ferrao, T.; Ferrari, G.; Ferrari, M.; Ferrario, M.M.; 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