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Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli in Drinking Water Samples from Rural Andean Households in Cajamarca, Peru

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dc.contributor.author Larson, Anika
dc.contributor.author Hartinger Peña, Stella Maria
dc.contributor.author Riveros Ramirez, Maribel Denise
dc.contributor.author Salmon-Mulanovich, Gabriela
dc.contributor.author Hattendorf, Jan
dc.contributor.author Verástegui Huasasquiche, Héctor Alfredo
dc.contributor.author Huaylinos Bustamante, Maria Luisa
dc.contributor.author Mäusezahl, Daniel
dc.date.accessioned 2019-07-04T16:59:19Z
dc.date.available 2019-07-04T16:59:19Z
dc.date.issued 2019
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/6721
dc.description.abstract Antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria is a serious public health issue. The growing threat is a cause for concern and action to prevent the emergence of new resistant strains and the spread of existing ones to humans via the environment. This study aimed at identifying fecal pathogens in drinking water obtained from rural Andean households from Cajamarca, Peru, and measuring the antibiotic resistance profile of Escherichia coli. The study was embedded within a community-randomized controlled trial among 102 communities in the northern highlands of the Cajamarca region, Peru. Of 314 samples, 55.4% (95% CI [49.7, 61.0], n = 174) were identified as thermotolerant coliforms. Among the samples positive for thermotolerant coliform, E. coli was isolated in 37.3% (n = 117), Klebsiella spp. in 8.0% (n = 25), Enterobacter spp. in 5.1% (n = 16), and Citrobacter spp. in 2.5% (n = 8). Of the 117 E. coli samples, 48.7% (95% CI [39.4, 58.1], n = 57) showed resistance to any antibiotic. The E. coli antibiotic resistance profile showed highest resistance against tetracycline (37.6%), ampicillin (34.2%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (21.4%), and nalidixic acid (13%). Some 19.7% (95% CI [12.9, 28.0], n = 23) of the E. coli isolates displayed multidrug resistance, defined as resistance to at least three classes of antibiotics. The CTX-M-3 gene, which encodes extended-spectrum resistance to beta-lactamase antibiotics, was found in one isolate. The high prevalence of fecal contamination in drinking water highlights the importance of household water treatment methods. Likewise, the high levels of antibiotic resistance found indicate a need for further research to identify the origins of potential environmental contamination, misuse, or inadequate disposal of antibiotics. en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
dc.relation.ispartofseries American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH Journal)
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject Antibiotic resistance en_US
dc.subject pathogenic bacteria en_US
dc.subject public health en_US
dc.subject fecal pathogens en_US
dc.subject drinking water en_US
dc.subject household rural en_US
dc.subject Peruvian Andean en_US
dc.title Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli in Drinking Water Samples from Rural Andean Households in Cajamarca, Peru en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/review
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0776
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.06
dc.relation.issn 1476-1645


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