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Regulatory T cells and IgE expression in duodenal mucosa of Strongyloides stercoralis and human T lymphotropic virus type 1 co-infected patients

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dc.contributor.author Malpica, Luis
dc.contributor.author White, A. Clinton Jr
dc.contributor.author Leguia, Cristina
dc.contributor.author Freundt, Natalia
dc.contributor.author Barros, Nicolas
dc.contributor.author Chian, Cesar
dc.contributor.author Antunez, E. Antonio
dc.contributor.author Montes Delgado, Martin
dc.date.accessioned 2019-07-04T17:00:21Z
dc.date.available 2019-07-04T17:00:21Z
dc.date.issued 2019
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/6890
dc.description.abstract BACKGROUND: Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode unique in its ability to replicate in the human host, allowing ongoing cycles of autoinfection, persisting for decades within the same host. Although usually asymptomatic, overwhelming infections can occur in Strongyloides and HTLV-1 co-infected individuals (SS/HTLV-1). Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are able to blunt specific Th2 responses necessary to control the parasite. We previously reported that peripheral blood Tregs are increased in SS/HTLV-1 and correlate with low Th2 responses. We hypothesized that Tregs are also increased at the site of infection in duodenal mucosa. METHODS: Paraffin embedded duodenal biopsies were obtained from 10 SS/HTLV-1 patients, 3 controls with non-parasitic chronic duodenitis, and 2 healthy controls. Immunohistochemistry was performed using monoclonal antibodies against human CD3, CD8, IgE and FoxP3. The number of cells were counted using a conventional light microscope. The number of CD3+, CD8+, FoxP3+ and IgE positive cells per 0.35 mm2 was measured using ImagePro Plus software comparing areas adjacent or distant from parasite material. RESULTS: In patients with SS/HTLV-1, T lymphocyte counts and CD8+ cells were lower in areas adjacent to the parasite compared to non-adjacent areas (CD3+: adjacent: 6.5 [Interquartile range (IQR: 2.8-12.3)]; non-adjacent: 24.5 [IQR: 20.9-34.4]; Mann-Whitney p = 0.0003; CD8+: adjacent: 4.5 [IQR: 2.3-11.8]; non-adjacent: 21 [IQR: 15.3-42.9]; Mann-Whitney p = 0.0011). Tregs cells in the intestines (FoxP3+ expressing cells) were increased in patients with SS/HTLV-1 compared with patients with chronic duodenitis (SS/HTLV-1: 1.5 [IQR: 0.7-2.3]; duodenitis controls: 0 [range 0-0.7]; healthy controls: 0; Mann-Whitney p = 0.034). There was also a trend towards fewer eosinophils adjacent to the parasites. Among SS/HTLV-1 patients the number of IgE expressing cells was increased for in areas not adjacent to the parasite compared to non-adjacent areas (ANOVA, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our data shows increased Treg cell numbers localized adjacent to the parasites in the duodenum SS/HTLV-1 patients. In addition, other T lymphocytes and IgE expressing cells were decreased adjacent to the parasites, suggesting an important role for Tregs in down-regulating local parasite effector responses. en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher Public Library of Science
dc.relation.ispartofseries PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject HTLV-1 en_US
dc.subject Strongyloides en_US
dc.subject Eosinophils en_US
dc.subject Biopsy en_US
dc.subject Regulatory T cells en_US
dc.subject Parasitic diseases en_US
dc.subject Lymphocytes en_US
dc.subject Plasma cells en_US
dc.title Regulatory T cells and IgE expression in duodenal mucosa of Strongyloides stercoralis and human T lymphotropic virus type 1 co-infected patients en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/review
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007415
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.06
dc.relation.issn 1935-2735


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