Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

Increased Outdoor PM2.5 Concentration Is Associated with Moderate/Severe Anemia in Children Aged 6-59 Months in Lima, Peru.

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dc.contributor.author Morales-Ancajima, Valeria C.
dc.contributor.author Tapia Aguirre, Vilma Lucrecia
dc.contributor.author Vu, Bryan N.
dc.contributor.author Liu, Yang
dc.contributor.author Alarcón Yaquetto, Dulce Esperanza
dc.contributor.author Gonzales Rengifo, Gustavo Francisco
dc.date.accessioned 2019-12-06T21:02:58Z
dc.date.available 2019-12-06T21:02:58Z
dc.date.issued 2019
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/7526
dc.description.abstract Anemia affects 1.62 billion people worldwide. Although iron deficiency is the main cause of anemia, several other factors may explain its high prevalence. In this study, we sought to analyze the association between outdoor particulate matter PM2.5 levels with anemia prevalence in children aged 6-59 months residing in Lima, Peru (n = 139,368), one of the cities with the worst air pollution in Latin America. The study period was from 2012 to 2016. Anemia was defined according to the World Health Organization (Hb < 11 g/dL). PM2.5 values were estimated by a mathematical model that combined data observed from monitors, with satellite and meteorological data. PM2.5 was analyzed by quintiles. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were used to estimate the associations between hemoglobin concentration (beta) and anemia (odds ratio) with PM2.5, after adjusting by covariates. Prevalence of anemia was 39.6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 39.3-39.9). Mild anemia was observed in 30.8% of children and moderate/severe in 8.84% of children. Anemic children compared with nonanemic children are mainly males, have low body weight, higher rate of stunting, and live in an environment with high PM2.5 concentration. A slight decrease in hemoglobin (4Q B: -0.03, 95% CI: -0.05 to -0.02; 5Q B: -0.04, 95% CI: -0.06 to -0.01) and an increase in the probability of moderate/severe anemia (4Q OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.10-1.27; 5Q OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.08-1.29) were observed with increased exposure to PM2.5. We conclude that outdoor PM2.5 levels were significantly associated with decreased hemoglobin values and an increase in prevalence of moderate/severe anemia in children under 5 years old. en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher Hindawi
dc.relation.ispartofseries Journal of Environmental and Public Health
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject anemia en_US
dc.subject Article en_US
dc.subject body weight en_US
dc.subject child en_US
dc.subject concentration (parameter) en_US
dc.subject disease severity en_US
dc.subject environmental exposure en_US
dc.subject female en_US
dc.subject groups by age en_US
dc.subject hemoglobin en_US
dc.subject hemoglobin determination en_US
dc.subject human en_US
dc.subject infant en_US
dc.subject major clinical study en_US
dc.subject male en_US
dc.subject mathematical model en_US
dc.subject meteorology en_US
dc.subject particulate matter en_US
dc.subject Peru en_US
dc.subject preschool child en_US
dc.subject prevalence en_US
dc.subject stunting en_US
dc.title Increased Outdoor PM2.5 Concentration Is Associated with Moderate/Severe Anemia in Children Aged 6-59 Months in Lima, Peru. en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6127845
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.05
dc.relation.issn 1687-9813


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