Ring-screening to control endemic transmission of Taenia solium

O'Neal, Seth E.; García Lescano, Héctor Hugo; Gilman, Robert Hugh; Rodriguez, Silvia; Ayvar, Viterbo; Wilkins, Patricia P.; Gavidia, Cesar; Moyano, Luz M.; Gonzalez Zariquiey, Armando Emiliano

dc.contributor.author	O'Neal, Seth E.
dc.contributor.author	Moyano, Luz M.
dc.contributor.author	Ayvar, Viterbo
dc.contributor.author	Rodriguez, Silvia
dc.contributor.author	Gavidia, Cesar
dc.contributor.author	Wilkins, Patricia P.
dc.contributor.author	Gilman, Robert Hugh
dc.contributor.author	García Lescano, Héctor Hugo
dc.contributor.author	Gonzalez Zariquiey, Armando Emiliano
dc.date.accessioned	2020-06-10T18:12:17Z
dc.date.available	2020-06-10T18:12:17Z
dc.date.issued	2014
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/8092
dc.description.abstract	BACKGROUND: Taenia solium is a major cause of preventable epilepsy in developing nations. Screening and treatment of human intestinal stage infection (taeniasis) within high-risk foci may reduce transmission and prevent epilepsy by limiting human exposure to infective eggs. We piloted a ring-strategy that involves screening and treatment for taeniasis among households located nearby pigs heavily-infected with the larval stage (cysticercosis). These pigs mark areas of increased transmission and can be identified by tongue examination. METHODOLOGY: We selected two villages in northern Peru for a controlled prospective interventional cohort pilot study. In the intervention village (1,058 residents) we examined the tongues of all pigs every 4 months for nodules characteristic of cysticercosis. We then screened all residents living within 100-meters of any tongue-positive pig using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect Taenia antigens in stool. Residents with taeniasis were treated with niclosamide. In both the intervention and control (753 residents) we measured incidence of exposure by sampling the pig population every 4 months for serum antibodies against cysticercosis using enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Baseline seroincidence among pigs born during the study was 22.6 cases per 100 pigs per-month (95% confidence interval [CI] 17.0-30.0) in the intervention and 18.1 (95% CI 12.7-25.9) in the control. After one year we observed a 41% reduction in seroincidence in the intervention village compared to baseline (incidence rate ratio 0.59, 95% CI 0.41-0.87) while the seroincidence in the control village remained unchanged. At study end, the prevalence of taeniasis was nearly 4 times lower in the intervention than in the control (prevalence ratio 0.28, 95% CI 0.08-0.91). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Ring-screening reduced transmission of T. solium in this pilot study and may provide an effective and practical approach for regions where resources are limited. However, this strategy requires validation in larger populations over a greater period of time.	en_US
dc.language.iso	eng
dc.publisher	Public Library of Science
dc.relation.ispartofseries	PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject	Taenia solium	en_US
dc.subject	Animals	en_US
dc.subject	Antibodies, Helminth/blood	en_US
dc.subject	Anticestodal Agents/therapeutic use	en_US
dc.subject	Child, Preschool	en_US
dc.subject	Cysticercosis/epidemiology	en_US
dc.subject	Feces	en_US
dc.subject	Female	en_US
dc.subject	Humans	en_US
dc.subject	Incidence	en_US
dc.subject	Male	en_US
dc.subject	Niclosamide/therapeutic use	en_US
dc.subject	Peru/epidemiology	en_US
dc.subject	Pilot Projects	en_US
dc.subject	Prevalence	en_US
dc.subject	Prospective Studies	en_US
dc.subject	Swine	en_US
dc.subject	Swine Diseases/epidemiology/parasitology	en_US
dc.subject	Taeniasis/epidemiology/transmission/veterinary	en_US
dc.subject	Tongue/parasitology	en_US
dc.subject	Zoonoses	en_US
dc.title	Ring-screening to control endemic transmission of Taenia solium	en_US
dc.type	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003125
dc.subject.ocde	https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.06
dc.relation.issn	1935-2735