Revealing the air pollution burden associated with internal migration in Peru

Schwarz, Lara; Miranda, J. Jaime; Carrasco Escobar, Gabriel; Benmarhnia, Tarik

dc.contributor.author	Carrasco Escobar, Gabriel
dc.contributor.author	Schwarz, Lara
dc.contributor.author	Miranda, J. Jaime
dc.contributor.author	Benmarhnia, Tarik
dc.date.accessioned	2020-07-14T00:01:00Z
dc.date.available	2020-07-14T00:01:00Z
dc.date.issued	2020
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/8251
dc.description.abstract	This study aims to quantify changes in outdoor (ambient) air pollution exposure from different migration patterns within Peru and quantify its effect on premature mortality. Data on ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Census data was used to calculate rates of within-country migration at the district level. We calculated differences in PM2.5 exposure between “current” (2016–2017) and “origin” (2012) districts for each migration patterns. Using an exposure-response relationship for PM2.5 extracted from a meta-analysis, and mortality rates from the Peruvian Ministry of Health, we quantified premature mortality attributable to each migration pattern. Changes in outdoor PM2.5 exposure were observed between 2012 and 2016 with highest levels of PM2.5 in the Department of Lima. A strong spatial autocorrelation of outdoor PM2.5 values (Moran’s I = 0.847, p-value=0.001) was observed. In Greater Lima, rural-to-urban and urban-to-urban migrants experienced 10-fold increases in outdoor PM2.5 exposure in comparison with non-migrants. Changes in outdoor PM2.5 exposure due to migration drove 137.1 (95%CI: 93.2, 179.4) premature deaths related to air pollution, with rural-urban producing the highest risk of mortality from exposure to higher levels of ambient air pollution. Our results demonstrate that the rural-urban and urban-urban migrant groups have higher rates of air pollution-related deaths.	en_US
dc.language.iso	eng
dc.publisher	Springer Nature
dc.relation.ispartofseries	Scientific Reports
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject	Peru	en_US
dc.subject	controlled study	en_US
dc.subject	human	en_US
dc.subject	mortality rate	en_US
dc.subject	mortality risk	en_US
dc.subject	article	en_US
dc.subject	migrant	en_US
dc.subject	meta analysis	en_US
dc.subject	air pollution	en_US
dc.subject	particulate matter	en_US
dc.subject	quantitative analysis	en_US
dc.subject	ambient air	en_US
dc.subject	autocorrelation	en_US
dc.subject	premature mortality	en_US
dc.title	Revealing the air pollution burden associated with internal migration in Peru	en_US
dc.type	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64043-y
dc.subject.ocde	https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.09
dc.subject.ocde	https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.05
dc.relation.issn	2045-2322