Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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dc.contributor.author Abbafati, C.
dc.contributor.author Machado, D.B.
dc.contributor.author Cislaghi, B.
dc.contributor.author Salman, O.M.
dc.contributor.author Karanikolos, M.
dc.contributor.author McKee, M.
dc.contributor.author Abbas, K.M.
dc.contributor.author Brady, O.J.
dc.contributor.author Larson, H.J.
dc.contributor.author Trias-Llimós, S.
dc.contributor.author Cummins, S.
dc.contributor.author Langan, S.M.
dc.contributor.author Sartorius, B.
dc.contributor.author Hafiz, A.
dc.contributor.author Jenabi, E.
dc.contributor.author Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N.
dc.contributor.author Borzouei, S.
dc.contributor.author Azarian, G.
dc.contributor.author Khazaei, S.
dc.contributor.author Abbasi, M.
dc.contributor.author Asghari, B.
dc.contributor.author Masoumi, S.
dc.contributor.author Komaki, H.
dc.contributor.author Taherkhani, A.
dc.contributor.author Adabi, M.
dc.contributor.author Abbasifard, M.
dc.contributor.author Bazmandegan, G.
dc.contributor.author Kamiab, Z.
dc.contributor.author Vakilian, A.
dc.contributor.author Anjomshoa, M.
dc.contributor.author Mokari, A.
dc.contributor.author Sabour, S.
dc.contributor.author Shahbaz, M.
dc.contributor.author Saeedi, R.
dc.contributor.author Ahmadieh, H.
dc.contributor.author Yousefinezhadi, T.
dc.contributor.author Haj-Mirzaian, A.
dc.contributor.author Nikbakhsh, R.
dc.contributor.author Safi, S.
dc.contributor.author Asgari, S.
dc.contributor.author Irvani, S.N.
dc.contributor.author Jahanmehr, N.
dc.contributor.author Ramezanzadeh, K.
dc.contributor.author Abbasi-Kangevari, M.
dc.contributor.author Khayamzadeh, M.
dc.contributor.author Abbastabar, H.
dc.contributor.author Shirkoohi, R.
dc.contributor.author Fazlzadeh, M.
dc.contributor.author Janjani, H.
dc.contributor.author Hosseini, M.
dc.contributor.author Mansournia, M.
dc.contributor.author Tohidinik, H.
dc.contributor.author Bakhtiari, A.
dc.contributor.author Fazaeli, A.
dc.contributor.author Mousavi, S.
dc.contributor.author Hasanzadeh, A.
dc.contributor.author Nabavizadeh, B.
dc.contributor.author Malekzadeh, R.
dc.contributor.author Hashemian, M.
dc.contributor.author Pourshams, A.
dc.contributor.author Salimzadeh, H.
dc.contributor.author Sepanlou, S.G.
dc.contributor.author Afarideh, M.
dc.contributor.author Esteghamati, A.
dc.contributor.author Esteghamati, S.
dc.contributor.author Ghajar, A.
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dc.contributor.author Heidari-Soureshjani, R.
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dc.contributor.author Salamati, P.
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dc.contributor.author Elgendy, I.Y.
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dc.contributor.author Nabhan, A.F.
dc.contributor.author Kamath, A.M.
dc.contributor.author Kassebaum, N.J.
dc.contributor.author Aravkin, A.Y.
dc.contributor.author Kochhar, S.
dc.contributor.author Sorensen, R.J.D.
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dc.contributor.author Burkart, K.
dc.contributor.author Cromwell, E.A.
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dc.contributor.author GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators
dc.date.accessioned 2020-12-14T16:05:56Z
dc.date.available 2020-12-14T16:05:56Z
dc.date.issued 2020
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/8646
dc.description.abstract Background: In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods: GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw values of the posterior distribution. Findings: Global health has steadily improved over the past 30 years as measured by age-standardised DALY rates. After taking into account population growth and ageing, the absolute number of DALYs has remained stable. Since 2010, the pace of decline in global age-standardised DALY rates has accelerated in age groups younger than 50 years compared with the 1990–2010 time period, with the greatest annualised rate of decline occurring in the 0–9-year age group. Six infectious diseases were among the top ten causes of DALYs in children younger than 10 years in 2019: lower respiratory infections (ranked second), diarrhoeal diseases (third), malaria (fifth), meningitis (sixth), whooping cough (ninth), and sexually transmitted infections (which, in this age group, is fully accounted for by congenital syphilis; ranked tenth). In adolescents aged 10–24 years, three injury causes were among the top causes of DALYs: road injuries (ranked first), self-harm (third), and interpersonal violence (fifth). Five of the causes that were in the top ten for ages 10–24 years were also in the top ten in the 25–49-year age group: road injuries (ranked first), HIV/AIDS (second), low back pain (fourth), headache disorders (fifth), and depressive disorders (sixth). In 2019, ischaemic heart disease and stroke were the top-ranked causes of DALYs in both the 50–74-year and 75-years-and-older age groups. Since 1990, there has been a marked shift towards a greater proportion of burden due to YLDs from non-communicable diseases and injuries. In 2019, there were 11 countries where non-communicable disease and injury YLDs constituted more than half of all disease burden. Decreases in age-standardised DALY rates have accelerated over the past decade in countries at the lower end of the SDI range, while improvements have started to stagnate or even reverse in countries with higher SDI. Interpretation: As disability becomes an increasingly large component of disease burden and a larger component of health expenditure, greater research and development investment is needed to identify new, more effective intervention strategies. With a rapidly ageing global population, the demands on health services to deal with disabling outcomes, which increase with age, will require policy makers to anticipate these changes. The mix of universal and more geographically specific influences on health reinforces the need for regular reporting on population health in detail and by underlying cause to help decision makers to identify success stories of disease control to emulate, as well as opportunities to improve. en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher Elsevier
dc.relation.ispartofseries Lancet
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject Global burden en_US
dc.subject diseases en_US
dc.subject injuries en_US
dc.subject systematic analysis en_US
dc.subject Global Burden of Disease Study en_US
dc.title Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30925-9
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.00
dc.relation.issn 1474-547X


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