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Behavior change due to COVID-19 among dental academics - The theory of planned behavior: Stresses, worries, training, and pandemic severity

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dc.contributor.author Ammar, N.
dc.contributor.author Aly, N.M.
dc.contributor.author Folayan, M.O.
dc.contributor.author Khader, Y.
dc.contributor.author Virtanen, J.I.
dc.contributor.author Al-Batayneh, O.B.
dc.contributor.author Mohebbi, S.Z.
dc.contributor.author Attia, S.
dc.contributor.author Howaldt, H.-P.
dc.contributor.author Boettger, S.
dc.contributor.author Maharani, D.A.
dc.contributor.author Rahardjo, A.
dc.contributor.author Khan, I.
dc.contributor.author Madi, M.
dc.contributor.author Rashwan, M.
dc.contributor.author Pavlic, V.
dc.contributor.author Cicmil, S.
dc.contributor.author Choi, Y.-H.
dc.contributor.author Joury, E.
dc.contributor.author Castillo, J.L.
dc.contributor.author Noritake, K.
dc.contributor.author Shamala, A.
dc.contributor.author Galluccio, G.
dc.contributor.author Polimeni, A.
dc.contributor.author Phantumvanit, P.
dc.contributor.author Mancino, D.
dc.contributor.author Kim, J.-B.
dc.contributor.author Abdelsalam, M.M.
dc.contributor.author Arheiam, A.
dc.contributor.author Dama, M.A.
dc.contributor.author Nyan, M.
dc.contributor.author Hussein, I.
dc.contributor.author Alkeshan, M.M.
dc.contributor.author Vukovic, A.P.
dc.contributor.author Iandolo, A.
dc.contributor.author Kemoli, A.M.
dc.contributor.author El Tantawi, M.
dc.date.accessioned 2020-12-14T16:06:01Z
dc.date.available 2020-12-14T16:06:01Z
dc.date.issued 2020
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/8653
dc.description.abstract Objective: COVID-19 pandemic led to major life changes. We assessed the psychological impact of COVID-19 on dental academics globally and on changes in their behaviors. Methods We invited dental academics to complete a cross-sectional, online survey from March to May 2020. The survey was based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The survey collected data on participants' stress levels (using the Impact of Event Scale), attitude (fears, and worries because of COVID-19 extracted by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), perceived control (resulting from training on public health emergencies), norms (country-level COVID-19 fatality rate), and personal and professional backgrounds. We used multilevel regression models to assess the association between the study outcome variables (frequent handwashing and avoidance of crowded places) and explanatory variables (stress, attitude, perceived control and norms). Results 1862 academics from 28 countries participated in the survey (response rate = 11.3%). Of those, 53.4% were female, 32.9% were <46 years old and 9.9% had severe stress. PCA extracted three main factors: fear of infection, worries because of professional responsibilities, and worries because of restricted mobility. These factors had significant dosedependent association with stress and were significantly associated with more frequent handwashing by dental academics (B = 0.56, 0.33, and 0.34) and avoiding crowded places (B = 0.55, 0.30, and 0.28). Low country fatality rates were significantly associated with more handwashing (B = -2.82) and avoiding crowded places (B = -6.61). Training on public health emergencies was not significantly associated with behavior change (B = -0.01 and -0.11). Conclusions COVID-19 had a considerable psychological impact on dental academics. There was a direct, dose-dependent association between change in behaviors and worries but no association between these changes and training on public health emergencies. More change in behaviors was associated with lower country COVID-19 fatality rates. Fears and stresses were associated with greater adoption of preventive measures against the pandemic. © 2020 Ammar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher Public Library of Science
dc.relation.ispartofseries PLoS ONE
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject COVID 19 en_US
dc.subject Pandemics en_US
dc.subject Behavior en_US
dc.subject Fear en_US
dc.subject |Psychological stress en_US
dc.subject Principal component analysis en_US
dc.subject Public and occupational health en_US
dc.subject Critical care and emergency en_US
dc.title Behavior change due to COVID-19 among dental academics - The theory of planned behavior: Stresses, worries, training, and pandemic severity en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239961
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#5.01.00
dc.relation.issn 1932-6203


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