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Decreased incidence, virus transmission capacity, and severity of COVID-19 at altitude on the American continent

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dc.contributor.author Arias-Reyes, Christian
dc.contributor.author Carvajal-Rodriguez, Favio
dc.contributor.author Poma-Machicao, Liliana
dc.contributor.author Aliaga-Raduán, Fernanda
dc.contributor.author Marques, Danuzia A.
dc.contributor.author Zubieta-DeUrioste, Natalia
dc.contributor.author Accinelli Tanaka, Roberto Alfonso
dc.contributor.author Schneider-Gasser, Edith M.
dc.contributor.author Zubieta-Calleja, Gustavo
dc.contributor.author Dutschmann, Mathias
dc.contributor.author Soliz, Jorge
dc.date.accessioned 2021-04-13T20:51:04Z
dc.date.available 2021-04-13T20:51:04Z
dc.date.issued 2021
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/9235
dc.description.abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in North, Central, and South America has become the epicenter of the current pandemic. We have suggested previously that the infection rate of this virus might be lower in people living at high altitude (over 2,500 m) compared to that in the lowlands. Based on data from official sources, we performed a new epidemiological analysis of the development of the pandemic in 23 countries on the American continent as of May 23, 2020. Our results confirm our previous finding, further showing that the incidence of COVID-19 on the American continent decreases significantly starting at 1,000 m above sea level (masl). Moreover, epidemiological modeling indicates that the virus transmission rate is lower in the highlands (>1,000 masl) than in the lowlands (<1,000 masl). Finally, evaluating the differences in the recovery percentage of patients, the death-to-case ratio, and the theoretical fraction of undiagnosed cases, we found that the severity of COVID-19 is also decreased above 1,000 m. We conclude that the impact of the COVID-19 decreases significantly with altitude. en_US
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher Public Library of Science
dc.relation.ispartofseries PLoS ONE
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
dc.subject COVID 19 en_US
dc.subject Epidemiology en_US
dc.subject Ecuador en_US
dc.subject Bolivia en_US
dc.subject Colombia en_US
dc.subject Population density en_US
dc.subject SARS CoV 2 en_US
dc.subject Peru en_US
dc.title Decreased incidence, virus transmission capacity, and severity of COVID-19 at altitude on the American continent en_US
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237294
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.08
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.11
dc.subject.ocde https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.05
dc.relation.issn 1932-6203


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