Schistosomiasis is a geographically restricted disease caused by several species of the trematode worm Schistosoma. If untreated, it can lead to major disability and death. Typically, only nonspecific symptoms, such as cachexia and anemia occur, but occasionally patients experience more severe complications arising from hepatic (portal hypertension and its related consequences) and urinary involvement. Although in the past few years, preventive measures have reduced the worldwide burden of infection, active transmission still occurs on several different continents...